Optical system design of hyperspectral space-borne electro-optic imager for micro-satellite platforms

Date

2023-12-1

Author

Öztürk, Zeynep Nilüfer

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Hyperspectral imaging is a rapidly expanding and promising field of remote sensing, combining methods of spectroscopy and imaging. This thesis work presents a detailed optical design analysis of two space-borne Hyperspectral Imagers (HSIs) for Earth observation micro-satellite platforms operating in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The first design employs conventional even aspheric surfaces. To obtain a design with large swath width that fits in a microsatellite platform, freeform optic components are used in the second design. The use of optical components with freeform surfaces results in a HSI system with a ground sampling distance (GSD) of 30 m, a swath width of 98 km, and a spectral resolution of 16 nm, operating in the 400 to 2500 nm range of the spectrum. The HSI optical design consists of a modified-Offner type spectrometer and an off-axis three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) type telescope. The overall HSI system architecture successfully meets the specified performance goals. Additionally, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) simulator was also provided for Earth observation satellite imagers. The SNR simulator is created in the open-access Python environment and includes MODTRAN, telescope, sensor, and image modules. This thesis study also provides an end-to-end Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) simulator for space-borne imagers. The MTF simulator is made up of the modules of atmosphere, optics, detector, and satellite, which is also created in a Python environment. By utilizing end-to-end chain-coded MTF and SNR simulators, it becomes possible to assess the performance of any space-borne electro-optic imager design project even before the optical design process begins.

Subject Keywords

Space-borne Electro-optic Imagers, Hyperspectral Space-borne Imagers, Freeform optics, Signal-to-noise Ratio, Modulation Transfer Function

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/106409

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis