THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KEY INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A META-ANALYSIS STUDY

Date

2024-8-09

Author

ARACI İYİAYDIN, AYŞEGÜL

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The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the extent of the relationship between key individual psychological resources (resilience, hope, optimism, self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-control, and sense of coherence) and psychological well-being. In addition, subgroup analyses based on the type of key individual psychological resources in relation to psychological well-being were also examined within the scope of this meta-analysis. The descriptive part included the year that the study was published, the sample size, gender distribution of the participants, age group of the participants (university students versus others), country of origin of the study participants, the type of key individual psychological resource, the scale used to measure key individual psychological resource, the type of Psychological Well-Being Scales used (adaptation or original), and Hofstede scores of six cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism, motivation towards achievement and success, uncertainty tolerance, long term orientation, and indulgence). Two hundred and fifty-one effect sizes were derived from 170 primary studies selected for the meta-analysis based on the inclusion criteria. The random effects model was used to compute effect sizes for both main group and subgroup analyses. For the main, subgroup, and moderator analyses, three-level meta-analyses using the R program, and two-level meta-analyses using the CMA program were conducted. The results clearly showed that there is a significant association between key individual psychological resources and psychological well-being, with an overall large effect size of 0.589. More specifically, resilience (0.587), hope (0.559), optimism (0.530), self-esteem (0.643), self-efficacy (0.540), self-control (0.431), and sense of coherence (0.676) are significantly associated with large and medium to large effect sizes on the psychological well-being of individuals (excluding children and adolescents). To explore heterogeneity among the effect sizes, the publication year of the study, sample size, age group of the participants, country of origin of the participants, version of the PWB Scales used, frequency of the usage of the scales used to assess key individual psychological resources, and Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions were tested as potential moderators. Four significant moderators were found as sample size, frequency of the usage of scale for the assessment of key individual psychological variables, country of origin of the participants, and Hofstede’s three cultural dimensions (individualism, long-term orientation, and indulgence) in the relationship between some of the key individual psychological resources (hope, optimism, self-control, and sense of coherence) and psychological well-being. The results were discussed in detail in line with the current literature.

Subject Keywords

Meta-Analysis, Psychological Well-Being, Key Individual Psychological Resources

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/110453

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Graduate School of Social Sciences, Thesis