Designing a silk-based bilayered membrane with glass particles for dental barrier membrane applications

Date

2024-11-27

Author

Yücel, Ezgi

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Dental barrier membranes (DBM) are widely used biomedical materials in alveolar bone defect sites for guided tissue regeneration (GTR). DBMs prevent soft tissue ingrowth into the area where regeneration of the relatively slower-growing bone tissue is desired. A DBM should have a degradation rate that matches the healing rate of the bone tissue at sites with insufficient bone, and have sufficient mechanical properties to exhibit barrier function. In this thesis, a bilayered DBM was designed and fabricated. The membrane was primarily composed of silk fibroin (SF) and silk sericin (SS), which are the two main components of silk fiber. SF possesses superior mechanical properties with a relatively lower degradation rate, while SS has poor mechanical properties and a relatively higher degradation rate. The layer on the bone regeneration side (BRS) consisted of 70 wt% SS and 30 wt% SF, to achieve a higher degradation rate. Aside from the polymer content, approximately 6.5 mol% and 1 mol% calcium- and strontium-doped glass particles (GPs) were incorporated to promote osteogenesis. Doping with osteogenic ions enhances biological functions. A high degradation rate was intended in this layer to allow the GPs to quickly interact with the juxtapposed bone tissue. The layer on the soft tissue side (STS) was composed of 60 wt% SF and 40 wt% SS to achieve a lower degradation rate and improve mechanical properties to ensure the barrier function for a sufficient period of time. The DBM was fabricated by solvent casting and evaporation method. The second layer was cast onto the other and dried. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Orbital Emission Spectroscopy (OES), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) data of GPs confirmed that amorphous particles were successfully synthesized at a particle size of approximately 350 nm. SEM images and AFM results showed that the incorporation of GPs created nanostructured roughness on the surface of the membranes. Degradation test results demonstrated that combining SS and SF in different ratios altered the degradation rates of the films compared to pure SS and SF. Tensile test results indicated that the membrane had a sufficient Young’s Modulus. When MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells were seeded on the bilayered membranes with and without GPs, cell proliferation on the membrane containing GPs increased. The results cumulatively showed that the designed bilayered composite membrane was a potential candidate for DBM applications.

Subject Keywords

Silk Sericin, Silk Fibroin, Glass Particles, Preosteoblast, Degradation

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/112940

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis