Chitosan-Based Hydrogel with Polyphenol Release in Non-Load Bearing Bone Tissue

Date

2024-12-5

Author

Urhal, Melike Beyza

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Injectable hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials for regenerative medicine due to their versatility, biocompatibility, and injectability. In this study, an injectable hydrogel composed of chitosan and aldehyde chitosan was synthesized via dynamic Schiff base bonds and optimized for injectability and gelation properties. The hydrogel was further functionalized with carbonated calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CHA) and tannic acid (TA) loaded nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance its bone regenerative potency. The structural integrity and injectability of the hydrogel were optimized for minimally invasive applications. Gels containing different concentrations of chitosan (2.5%, 4% and 5%) and ACHI (2.5%, 5% and 7%) were investigated in terms of gelation time, swelling ratio, degradation time, injectability, and mechanical strength. As a result of these studies, it was decided to incorporate CHA and TA-loaded NPs into the 4%CS-7%ACHI composition. Optimum CHA concentration was selected by adding different ratios of CHA (1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) considering cytotoxicity, gelation time, and injectability. Addition of CHA provided a decrease in gelation time (20 ± 3s). At the same time, addition of CHA and TA-loaded NP (1%) prolonged the degradation time, while less swelling was observed. In cell culture studies, an increase in cell number was observed in hydrogels containing CHA on the 1st and 3rd days. Although a decrease in viability was observed on the 7th day compared to the 3rd day, cell viability was still above 80%. Thus, no toxic effect was found in in vitro studies of CHA and NP-loaded hydrogels. Furthermore, in vitro studies with hFOB cells revealed increased cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. It was concluded that modifications on hydrogels could be implemented in future studies to enhance their potential applications.

Subject Keywords

Injectable Hydrogel, Bone Tissue Engineering, Tannic Acid, Carbonated Hydroxyapatite, Aldehyde Chitosan.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/113011

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis