TIGECYCLINE RESISTANCE AMONG ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM POULTRY AND RED MEATS

Date

2024-12

Author

Yeniköylü, Filiz

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Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major concerns globally and poses a great threat to public health. Although resistance gain occurs naturally through genetic changes over time, misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in clinical, livestock and aquaculture settings accelerate antimicrobial resistance gain (WHO, 2019). Tigecycline is the first approved glycylcycline class of antimicrobial agents which are derivatives of the tetracycline antibiotics, modified structurally to have enhanced activity and used as last resort antibiotic in the treatment of complicated infections caused by multidrug resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Novel plasmid-borne tet(X) genes responsible for resistance to tigecycline, pose a serious risk to food safety and human health. In this study, the plasmid mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) was detected in 14 Escherichia coli isolates and identified. 13 of them were collected from poultry meat and 1 from red meat samples. The tet(X4) positive E. coli were characterized by using antimicrobial resistance test (MIC), Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) method and whole genome sequencing with Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. PFGE subtyping method with 80% similarity margin differentiated isolates into 4 different pulsotypes. Similarly, 4 different MSLT types were identified after typing, ST206 being the most prevalent one (n=11), ST744(n=1), ST609(n=1) and ST189(n=1). E. coli ST206 found to have similar genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles, few being common with the E. coli ST744, ST609 and ST189 isolates. All of the isolates have shown similar antimicrobial resistance profiles phenotypically. These results were confirmed with whole genome sequencing data. In addition, 12 of the isolates harbored antimicrobial resistant gene carrying plasmids with IncFIA, IncFIB, IncFIC(FII) and IncX1 replicons and diversely other two isolates were found to harbor IncFIA(HI1) and IncFIB(K). Our study provided insight information that expands the understanding on distribution of tigecycline resistant bacteria, as well as on their diversity, resistance mechanisms and epidemiology, found on poultry and red meat in Türkiye. The increased tigecycline resistance in commensal bacteria may also increase the frequency of tigecycline resistance transmission to pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the prevention methods and no antimicrobial usage regulations on the farm level should be strictly followed and the surveillance systems should screen antimicrobial resistance in bacteria under One Health umbrella.

Subject Keywords

Food Safety, Antibiotic Resistance, Tigecycline Resistance, Genomic Characterization, Foods of Animal Origin

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/113062

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis