Exploring the use of natural polysaccharide-based aerogels for the drug delivery of biotechnological drugs

Date

2025-4-28

Author

Özeşme Taylan, Gözde

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Oral administration presents a more patient-friendly alternative, but with the challenge of low drug bioavailability. The main objectives of this study are to develop natural polysaccharide-based aerogels for the oral delivery of insulin and to noninvasively detect insulin aggregation in biopharmaceutical formulations. The first part of the study focused on the development and characterization of both conventional and core-shell aerogels derived from natural polysaccharides for the oral delivery of insulin, utilizing Humulin R® U-100 as the insulin source for the first time. SEM images confirmed that the core-shell aerogels had higher uniformity in size and a more well-defined porous structure in comparison to conventional aerogels. Encapsulation efficiency increased from 12% with conventional aerogels to 53% with core-shell aerogels. In vitro insulin release from core-shell aerogels was 30% in SGF after 2h and 60% in SIF within the first hour, followed by sustained release, suggesting suitability for regular/short-acting insulin delivery. Furthermore, with the increasing use of biotechnological drugs, ensuring product quality has become essential. Non-invasive techniques are crucial for quality control, as they preserve sample integrity. In the second part of the study, protein aggregation in Humulin R® U-100 as biopharmaceutical drug was investigated using TD-NMR and MRI, as a non-invasive method. MRI results were able to differentiate the control and stressed samples, while T2 relaxation distinguished samples under different stress conditions. T2-ILT correlated with particle size analysis in detecting aggregate size, demonstrating the potential of this novel approach.

Subject Keywords

Core-shell aerogels, Drug delivery, Insulin, Quality control, TD-NMR

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/114904

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis