Assessing BIM information requirements in highway projects: a case study from Türkiye

Date

2026-4-13

Author

Eroğlu (Yetişir), Aygün Ezgi

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) has expanded across road infrastructure projects, yet highway employers still operate without BIM Use-based information requirements that connect project stages with levels of detail. Forty highway-relevant BIM Uses provide the basis for structuring BIM information requirements in highway projects. The framework connects them to project stages, Level of Detail (LOD) bands, and expected benefits. Each BIM Use is also linked to the perceived frequency of BIM Use in Turkish highway practice. International BIM standards and road-sector BIM Use taxonomies form the conceptual basis of the framework. The mapping spans three project stages (design, construction, operation) and five LOD bands from 100 to 500, together with six benefit categories. To test the framework, a questionnaire was administered in stakeholder-specific focus groups with 22 participants from public employers, designers, contractors, and academics. The participants rated each BIM Use on its current frequency and preferred stage, together with required LOD and target benefits. Results indicate that BIM adoption is selective rather than comprehensive. Stakeholders converge on a core set of design, analysis, scheduling and cost-related BIM Uses embedded in routine workflows, while environmental, monitoring and asset-management BIM Uses remain future-oriented and are mainly reported by academics. BIM activity is concentrated in design and construction, with higher LOD expectations for risk-critical BIM Uses and for construction planning and control. BIM Uses fall into three classes (core, practice-driven, and future or advanced). The classification provides a basis for more realistic, BIM Use-based Employer's Information Requirements (EIRs) in highway projects.

Subject Keywords

Building information modelling (BIM), Highway projects, BIM uses, Level of detail (LOD), Employer’s information requirements (EIR)

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/119117

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis