Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium

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2012-01-01

Author

Gorth, Deborah J.
Puckett, Sabrina
Ercan, Batur
Webster, Thomas J.
Rahaman, Mohamed
Bal, B. Sonny

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A significant need exists for orthopedic implants that can intrinsically resist bacterial colonization. In this study, three biomaterials that are used in spinal implants - titanium (Ti), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), and silicon nitride (Si3N4) - were tested to understand their respective susceptibility to bacterial infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphlococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Specifically, the surface - chemistry, wettability, and nanostructured topography of respective biomaterials, and the effects on bacterial biofilm formation, colonization, and growth were investigated. Ti and PEEK were received with as-machined surfaces; both materials are hydrophobic, with net negative surface charges. Two surface finishes of Si3N4 were examined: as-fired and polished. In contrast to Ti and PEEK, the surface of Si3N4 is hydrophilic, with a net positive charge. A decreased biofilm formation was found, as well as fewer live bacteria on both the as- fired and polished Si3N4. These differences may reflect differential surface chemistry and surface nanostructure properties between the biomaterials tested. Because protein adsorption on material surfaces affects bacterial adhesion, the adsorption of fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin on Ti, PEEK, and Si3N4 were also examined. Significantly greater amounts of these proteins adhered to Si3N4 than to Ti or PEEK. The findings of this study suggest that surface properties of biomaterials lead to differential adsorption of physiologic proteins, and that this phenomenon could explain the observed in-vitro differences in bacterial affinity for the respective biomaterials. Intrinsic biomaterial properties as they relate to resistance to bacterial colonization may reflect a novel strategy toward designing future orthopedic implants.

Subject Keywords

Silicon nitride, Nanostructure, Anti-infective, Biofilm, Protein adsorption

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/36324

Journal

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE

DOI

https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s35190

Collections

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Article

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Citation Formats

D. J. Gorth, S. Puckett, B. Ercan, T. J. Webster, M. Rahaman, and B. S. Bal, “Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE, pp. 4829–4840, 2012, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/36324.