VERTICAL VARIATIONS IN THE PRINCIPLE CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE BLACK-SEA IN THE AUTUMN OF 1991

Date

1994-01-01

Author

BASTURK, O
SAYDAM, C
SALIHOGLU, I
EREMEEVA, LV
KONOVALOV, SK
STOYANOV, A
DIMITROV, A
COCIASU, A
DOROGAN, L
ALTABET, M

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Basin-wide principal hydrochemical data for the upper 500 m of the Black Sea were obtained at a total of 197 stations during a multi-ship, multi-institutional, HYDROBLACK-91 cruise in September 1991. Only offshore stations, 38 from the 1991 joint cruise, 5 from R/V Knorr (1988),16 from R/V Atlantis-II (1969), and 9 from R/V Bilim (1990) cruises, are considered in conjunction with the present and past data as a function of potential density rather than depth. The oxycline, coinciding with the upper boundary of the permanent pycnocline (sigma(THETA) = 14.2-14.3), extended down to the sigma(THETA) = 15.3-15.4 surfaces during warm periods (June-September) and to the sigma(THETA) = 15.75 surface during spring periods. The lower boundary of the oxycline (O2 less-than-or-equal-to 20 muM) has remained constant within the last two decades when past and present spring data are considered, but has risen by 0.30 density units when late summer-autumn data are considered. Independent of the geographical location, the base of the transition layer was established at the sigma(THETA) = 16.15-16.20 surfaces where H2S greater-than-or-equal-to 5 muM. Nitrate and phosphate reached their maxima at sigma(THETA) = 15.3-15.4 surfaces and then decreased steadily with different slopes until the sigma(THETA) = 15.85-15.95 surfaces. At the anoxic interface, phosphate concentration increases about 10 fold from approximately 0.02-0.5 muM at the sigma(THETA) = 15.85-15.90 surface to 4-6 muM at the sigma(THETA) = 16.15-16.20 surface. Comparison with the data from the 1970's suggests that both the maximum values and the depth integrated mass of nitrate (g NO3-N/m2) between the sigma(THETA) = 14.2 and 16.0 surfaces have increased 2-3 fold, and the density surface where the NO3 maximum is established has shifted by 0.30 units in the late 1980's.

Subject Keywords

General Chemistry, Oceanography, Water Science and Technology, Environmental Chemistry

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/68535

Journal

MARINE CHEMISTRY

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(94)90099-x

Collections

Graduate School of Marine Sciences, Article

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Citation Formats

O. BASTURK et al., “VERTICAL VARIATIONS IN THE PRINCIPLE CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES OF THE BLACK-SEA IN THE AUTUMN OF 1991,” MARINE CHEMISTRY, pp. 149–165, 1994, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/68535.