Demokrasiye geçiş, reel ücretler ve verimlilik: Türk imalat sanayiinden bulgular

Date

2015-01-01

Author

Taymaz, Erol
Voyvoda, Ebru

Metadata

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Türkiye, 1980 askeri darbesiyle ara verilen demokrasiye yedi yıl sonra yapılan serbest seçimlerle geri döndü. Bu makalede, Türkiye imalat sanayiinde reel ücretler ve işyeri düzeyinde emek ve toplam faktör verimliliğinin 1987’de demokrasiye geçiş sonrasındaki hareketleri incelenmektedir. 1988’den 1993’e imalat sanayiinde ortalama reel ücretler %120 arttı. Yine aynı dönemde toplam faktör ve emek verimliliğinde daha önce rastlanmayan düzeyde artışlar gerçekleşti. O dönemdeki siyasi ve ekonomik gelişmeleri yakından izleyen iktisatçılar olarak, bu gözlemlerden yola çıkarak reel ücret artışlarının rekabet güçlerini kaybetmek istemeyen şirketleri, emek ve toplam faktör verimliliğini artırmaya zorladığı hipotezini test ediyoruz. İşyeri düzeyinde zaman serilerini kullanarak yaptığımız Granger nedensellik testleri, nedenselliğin reel ücretlerden verimliliğe doğru olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulgular, Türkiye’nin yanı sıra 1980’lerin sonunda demokrasiye geçiş sürecini sorunsuz bir şekilde gerçekleştiren G. Kore, Şili ve Tayvan gibi ülkelerde geçiş döneminde yaşanan hızlı verimlilik artışlarını da dolaylı olarak açıklamakta, “demokrasiler daha yüksek ücret öderler” hipotezini (Rodrik, 1999) desteklemektedir.

Subject Keywords

Demokratik geçiş, Sendikalar ve grevler, Reel ücretler, Toplam faktör verimliliği, Emek verimliliği, Uzun-vadeli büyüme

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/75180

Relation

Türkiye Ekonomisinin Dünü Bugünü Yarını

Collections

Department of Economics, Book / Book chapter

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Citation Formats

E. Taymaz and E. Voyvoda, Demokrasiye geçiş, reel ücretler ve verimlilik: Türk imalat sanayiinden bulgular. 2015.