A gravity model of virtual water flows : the case of Turkey

Date

2015-11-04

Author

Akbostancı Özkazanç, Elif
Tunç, Gül İpek
Aşık, Serap

Metadata

Show full item record

Item Usage Stats

94
views

0
downloads

Due to its empirical success gravity model of trade has long been the pillar of empirical research. According to conventional gravity model of bilateral trade, trade is determined by indicators of country size (GDP, population and land area) and of the distance between the pair of countries in question (physical distance as well as dummy variables indicating common borders, linguistic links and cultural similarities). Lately the gravity model of bilateral trade is transformed to include the virtual water concept. Virtual water is defined as the volume of water embedded in the production of an item. This concept and its empirical applications are mostly related to the production of agricultural commodities as water is mainly used by agricultural activities It is argued that water-rich countries should produce and export water-intensive commodities to water-scarce countries. The virtual water trade flows are determined by a number of factors like production technologies, domestic and international prices, trade barriers and quantity of available land; besides water endowments. In line with the existing literature we form a gravity model of virtual water trade flows for Turkey where the dependent variable is the total amount of water embedded in the agricultural products exchanged between Turkey and her major trade partners. The study will cover 2002-2012 period, 326 agricultural products and 196 countries. Water content of the trade flows of Turkish economy is computed by using country specific average water footprint of agricultural commodities provided by Mekonnen, M.M. and Hoekstra, A.Y. (2010) and agricultural trade data extracted from FAOSTAT database. Among the independent variables we include the conventional variables of gravity models like population, GDP per capita, geographical distance between Turkey and her trade partners; and some other variables which try to explain water availability and water pressure.

URI

http://www.ekonomikyaklasim.org/eyc2015/?Programme
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/83610
https://ideas.repec.org/p/eyd/cp2015/278.html

Conference Name

EY International Congress on Economics II ,EYC(2015)

Collections

Department of Economics, Conference / Seminar

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

A comparative evaluation of knowledge and income spillovers: the case of Antalya and İzmir city regions Hasirci, Hediye Nur; Eraydın, Ayda; Department of City and Regional Planning (2008) The empirical literature in economic geography has recently dealt with two fundamental questions, whether growth or innovation is spatially bounded or not and how far the economic growth is determined by knowledge. In this thesis, relations between economic growth and knowledge relation is discussed from spatial spillovers perspective with the help of spatial econometric techniques. Adding city-region discussion to the existing literature, the thesis aims to evaluate the economic growth and knowledge spillo...
A physical model for dimensional reduction and its effects on the observable parameters of the universe Karaca, Koray; Bayin, Selcuk (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2008-04-01) We construct a physical model to study the effects of dimensional reduction that might have taken place during the inflationary phase of the universe. The model we propose is a (1 + D)-dimensional (D > 3), nonsingular, spatially homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann model. We consider dimensional reduction to take place in a stepwise manner and interpret each step as a phase transition. Independent of the details of the process of dimensional reduction, we impose suitable boundary conditions across the transi...
A network perspective of international entrepreneurship within small and medium-sized firms: A review and research agenda Bıçakçıoğlu-Peynirci, Nilay (Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (Ankara, Turkey), 2020-12) Given a rising tendency on international entrepreneurship among researchers and practitioners, a wealth of previous studies has evolved into a rich and fragmented body of knowledge over time. In that vein, this study is aimed to critically assess and synthesize all research studies on international entrepreneurship from the perspective of network theory with respect to the research design, conceptual approaches, and empirical issues, consisting of emergent research themes. Within the scope of this systemati...
A numerical study on dependent absorption and scattering by interacting nano-sized particles Dönmezer, Fatma Nazlı; Okutucu Özyurt, Hanife Tuba; Department of Mechanical Engineering (2009) Understanding and manipulating nanosized particles is crucial for the advancement of nanotechnology research. Dependent light scattering of noble metals can be used to achieve new material responses that can be used in different applications. Dependent light scattering of nanoparticles allows the understanding of orientation and location of closely positioned particles. Besides, dependently scattering metallic particles create significantly enhanced near fields and high absorption rates when excited at thei...
A comparative study of autoregressive neural network hybrids Taşkaya Temizel, Tuğba (2005-06-01) Many researchers have argued that combining many models for forecasting gives better estimates than single time series models. For example, a hybrid architecture comprising an autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) and a neural network is a well-known technique that has recently been shown to give better forecasts by taking advantage of each model's capabilities. However, this assumption carries the danger of underestimating the relationship between the model's linear and non-linear componen...

Citation Formats

E. Akbostancı Özkazanç, G. İ. Tunç, and S. Aşık, “A gravity model of virtual water flows : the case of Turkey,” presented at the EY International Congress on Economics II ,EYC(2015), Ankara, Türkiye, 2015, Accessed: 00, 2021. [Online]. Available: http://www.ekonomikyaklasim.org/eyc2015/?Programme.