THE USE OF NANOSTRUCTURED 316L STAINLESS STEEL FOR ORTHOPEDIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR APPLICATIONS: FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND IN VITRO CELLULAR INTERACTIONS

Date

2024-1-16

Author

Erdoğan, Yaşar Kemal

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316L stainless steel (SS) is one of the commonly-used implant materials in biomedical applications due to its ideal mechanical properties, acceptable biocompatibility, and low cost. However, the bioinert nature of 316L SS led to limited osteointegration in orthopedic applications, and poor endothelization in cardiovascular applications. Furthermore, infection, nickel ion release, stent restenosis and limited corrosion resistance are major clinical challenges for SS and led to gradual decline of its use as an implant material. To eliminate the aforementioned issues, nanoscale surface modification on 316L SS can be a potential remedy. In this thesis, nanostructures having different morphologies and feature sizes were fabricated on the surfaces. Afterwards, the physical and chemical properties of anodized surfaces were characterized. For orthopedic applications, in vitro cellular interactions showed that bone cell viability on 200 nm nanodimple surfaces was promoted up to 68% compared to non anodized surfaces. Moreover, a 71% and 58% decrease in S. aureus and P. aeruginosa colonies were detected on 200 nm nanodimple surfaces compared to the non-anodized surfaces. For cardiovascular applications, in vitro HUVECs functions thrived on the nanostructured surfaces. Furthermore, the nanostructured surfaces significantly promoted endothelial cell viability, enhanced cellular migration, stimulated nitric oxide and prostaglandin secretion, while down-regulating the expressions of VCAM and ICAM gene and decreased platelet adhesion and hemolysis rate. The findings of this thesis indicate that nanostructured 316L SS surfaces improved corrosion resistance and enhanced endothelization and hemocompatibility. Simultaneously, these surfaces promoted osteoblast interactions and restricted the bacterial attachment, showcasing their potential for biomedical applications.

Subject Keywords

: 316L SS; Anodization; Nanostructure; Surface topography; Bioactivity

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/108368

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis