Glycosylated proteins preserved over millennia: N-glycan analysis of Tyrolean Iceman, Scythian Princess and Warrior

Date

2014-05-16

Author

Özcan Kabasakal, Süreyya
Ro, Grace
Kim, Jae-Han
Bereuter, Thomas L.
Reiter, Christian
Dimapasoc, Lauren
Garrido, Daniel
Mills, David A.
Grimm, Rudolf
Lebrilla, Carlito B.
An, Hyun Joo

Metadata

Show full item record

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Item Usage Stats

56
views

0
downloads

An improved understanding of glycosylation will provide new insights into many biological processes. In the analysis of oligosaccharides from biological samples, a strict regime is typically followed to ensure sample integrity. However, the fate of glycans that have been exposed to environmental conditions over millennia has not yet been investigated. This is also true for understanding the evolution of the glycosylation machinery in humans as well as in any other biological systems. In this study, we examined the glycosylation of tissue samples derived from four mummies which have been naturally preserved: - the 5,300 year old "Iceman called Oetzi'', found in the Tyrolean Alps; the 2,400 year old "Scythian warrior'' and "Scythian Princess'', found in the Altai Mountains; and a 4 year old apartment mummy, found in Vienna/Austria. The number of N-glycans that were identified varied both with the age and the preservation status of the mummies. More glycan structures were discovered in the contemporary sample, as expected, however it is significant that glycan still exists in the ancient tissue samples. This discovery clearly shows that glycans persist for thousands of years, and these samples provide a vital insight into ancient glycosylation, offering us a window into the distant past.

Subject Keywords

Alpine iceman, Posttranslational modifications, Bacterial-DNA, Mummification, Migration, Sequence, Insight, Mummies, Origin, Death

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/38253

Journal

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/srep04963

Collections

Department of Chemistry, Article

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

Immunotherapeutic applications of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides Klinman, DM; Ishii, KJ; Gürsel, Mayda; Gursel, I; Takeshita, S; Takeshita, F (2000-06-01) Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) expressing unmethylated CpG motifs stimulate the mammalian immune system to mount a rapid innate immune response. This response is characterized by the production of polyreactive IgM, immunomodulatory cytokines and chemokines. CpG ODN directly stimulate lymphocytes, natural killer cells and professional antigen-presenting cells (such as macrophages and dendritic cells). Owing to the strength and nature of this stimulation, CpG ODN are being harnessed f...
SPEED PERCEPTION IN MULTISENSORY PROFILES: WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF ATTENTION? Kavaklıoğlu, Efsun; Özge, Umut; Kafalıgönül, Hulusi; Department of Bioinformatics (2022-2-7) Multisensory processing and crossmodal interactions in the temporal domain are crucial for survival in a dynamic environment. Temporal ventriloquism illusion demonstrates the importance of the crossmodal interactions in the temporal domain and the influences of the auditory signals (e.g., auditory time intervals) on visual perception. Attention is another mechanism playing a critical role in sensory processing, and it allows us to prioritize relevant information in the visual field. Previous studies have sh...
Cutting edge: Role of toll-like receptor 9 in CpG DNA-induced activation of human cells Takeshita, F; Leifer, CA; Gursel, I; Ishii, KJ; Takeshita, S; Gürsel, Mayda; Klinman, DM (The American Association of Immunologists, 2001-10-01) Unmethylated CpG motifs present in bacterial DNA stimulate a rapid and robust innate immune response. Human cell lines and PBMC that recognize CpG DNA express membrane-bound human Toll-like receptor 9 (hTLR9). Cells that are not responsive to CpG DNA become responsive when transfected with hTLR9. Expression of hTLR9 dramatically increases uptake of CpG (but not control) DNA into endocytic vesicles. Upon cell stimulation, hTLR9 and CpG DNA are found in the same endocytic vesicles. Cells expressing hTLR9 are ...
Geochronological accuracy around the cretaceous paleogene boundary interval insights and challenges to the age of chron C29r and intervening events Yılmaz, İsmail Ömer; Stoykova, Kristina (2015-07-02) The need for precise and accurate time constraints in Earth sciences is pivotal to successfully unravel geological mechanisms and rates of processes. Timescale accuracy is a prerequisite for reliable event correlation and to disentangle intricate complex climatic and biotic changes. The late Cretaceous, a time interval of major biodiversity adjustments culminating in the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, has been the subject of intense debates regarding not only its causes but also the timing. The Cretaceous-...
Applications of the multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for development of molecular therapies for breast cancer Aşık, Elif; Güray, Tülin; Volkan, Mürvet; Department of Biotechnology (2015) The understanding of how magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) interact with living system is one of the prerequisite pieces of information needed to be obtained before any further development for desired biomedical applications. In this study, Cobalt Ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe-MNPs) in their naked and silica-coated forms were characterized. In vitro cell culture for their likely cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potential were examined. The apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, ROS formation and oxidative stress re...

Citation Formats

S. Özcan Kabasakal et al., “Glycosylated proteins preserved over millennia: N-glycan analysis of Tyrolean Iceman, Scythian Princess and Warrior,” SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, pp. 0–0, 2014, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/38253.