Physics Based Earthquake Triggering and Fault Interactions

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2023-01-06

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Sopacı, Eyüp

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The knowledge of earthquake triggering and stress coupling mechanisms suffer data reliability in time and space. Here, the problems are analyzed with physics-based models to fill this gap using the most established empirical friction laws. First, the effects of certain state laws on earthquake triggering are analyzed in both numerical and analytical methods. The results reveal that mechanical state changes depend highly on the healing and weakening terms, and under certain conditions, the dynamic triggering effects can be quantified. The numerical studies on the İzmit (Mw7.6, 17.08.1999) - Düzce (M7.2, 12.11.1999), Ridgecrest (M6.4, 04.06.2019 - Mw7.1, 07.06.2019), Samos rupture (Mw7.0, 30.10.2020) case studies demonstrate reasonably matching failure time advance to the nature. The investigation of the triggering potential of the moderate Mw5.8 Earthquake on the locked segment of Marmara showed that the moderate earthquake could not induce instant triggering but hasten the failure time. The large earthquake synchronization and clustering observed in nature, including the North Anatolian Fault Line, was studied with long earthquake simulation runs. The conceptual model can mimic such coupled large fault segments similar to NAF, indicating when and how faults behave more predictably. The results indicate a slow creep process at the velocity strengthening sections play a key role in triggering and fault stress transfer, pointing out that the mechanism is mostly dynamic triggering, despite conventional models of static triggering that can well explain the aftershock recurrences. The higher stress loads do not necessarily sustain better synchronized predictable failures in time and space, but they can lead to more complexity. In order to identify a fault zones synchrony behavior, PGV, and shear waves with tracking the post-slip relaxation process are crucial.

Subject Keywords

Earthquake simulation, Rate and State Friction, Pseudo Spectral Method, Earthquake triggering, Fault Synchronization

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https://hdl.handle.net/11511/101999

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

E. Sopacı, “Physics Based Earthquake Triggering and Fault Interactions,” Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, 2023.