Exit probabilities of constrained simple random walks

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2018

Author

Ünlü, Kamil Demirberk

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Consider a nearest neighbor stable two dimensional random walk X constrained to remain on the positive orthant. X is assumed stable, i.e., its average increment points toward the origin. X represents the lengths of two queues (or two stacks in computer science applications) working in parallel. The probability pn that the sum of the components of this random walk reaches a high level n before the random walk returns to the origin is a natural performance measure, representing the probability of a buffer overflow in a busy cycle. The stability of the walk implies that pn decays exponentially in n. Let Y be the same constrained random walk as X, but constrained only on its second component and the jump probabilities on its first component reversed. The present thesis shows that one can approximate pn with the probability that components of Y ever equal each other, with exponentially decaying relative error, if X starts from an initial point with nonzero first component. We further construct a class of Y -harmonic functions from single and conjugate points on a characteristic surface, with which the latter probability can be either computed perfectly in some cases, or approximated with bounded relative error in general. We provide numerical examples showing the effectiveness of the computed approximations and indicate possible applications of our results in finance and insurance.

Subject Keywords

Random walks (Mathematics)., Queuing theory., Risk (Insurance)., Financial risk.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12622554/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/27774

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Graduate School of Applied Mathematics, Thesis

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Citation Formats

K. D. Ünlü, “Exit probabilities of constrained simple random walks,” Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, 2018.