Deuterium kinetic isotope effects in the gas-phase S N2 reactions of solvated fluoride ions with methyl halides

Date

2004-11-11

Author

Kato, Shuji
Hacaloğlu, Jale
Davico, Gustavo E.
DePuy, Charles H.
Bierbaum, Veronica M.

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Rate constants and deuterium kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are measured for gas-phase nucleophilic substitution (S(N)2) reactions of solvated fluoride ions of F-(methanol) + CH3X (X = Br, I), F-(isopropyl alcohol) + CH3I, and F-(hydrogen fluoride) + CH3I at 300 K. The isotope effects are determined as the rate constant ratio k(H)/k(D) for specifically deuterated reactants, that is, methanol (CH3OH, CD3OH, CH3OD, and CD3OD), isopropyl alcohol (i-C3H7OH and i-C3H7OD), hydrogen fluoride (HF and DF), and methyl halides (CH3X and CD3X). The data reveal identical trends to those previously observed for F-(water) + CH3X (O'Hair, R. A. J.; Davico, G. E.; Hacaloglu, J.; Dang, T. T.; DePuy, C. H.; Bierbaum, V. M. J. Am. Chern. Soc. 1994, 116, 3609). The S(N)2 reactivities decrease as reaction exothermicity decreases (CH3I > CH3Br > CH3Cl) and as the nucleophile is solvated. Moderate inverse kinetic isotope effects (k(H)/k(D) < 1) are observed for the deuteration of the rnethyl halide, whereas substantial inverse KIEs are measured for the deuteration of the hydroxyl group of the solvent (or the deUteration of hydrogen fluoride). Moderate inverse KIEs are also measured for the deuteration of the methyl group in methanol. The observed trends and magnitudes of the isotope effects are rationalized qualitatively in terms of the S(N)2 transition-state structure and bonding interactions analogous to those in the F-(H2O) + CH3X system.

Subject Keywords

AB-INITIO, CH3CL, CH3BR, Energy

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30289

Journal

Journal of Physical Chemistry A

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1021/jp040362j

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Article

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Citation Formats

S. Kato, J. Hacaloğlu, G. E. Davico, C. H. DePuy, and V. M. Bierbaum, “Deuterium kinetic isotope effects in the gas-phase S N2 reactions of solvated fluoride ions with methyl halides,” Journal of Physical Chemistry A, pp. 9887–9891, 2004, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30289.