In-chip microstructures and photonic devices fabricated by nonlinear laser lithography deep inside silicon

Date

2017-10-01

Author

Tokel, Onur
Turnali, Ahmet
Makey, Ghaith
Elahı, Parvız
Colakoglu, Tahir
Ergecen, Emre
Yavuz, Ozgun
Hubner, Rene
Borra, Mona Zolfaghari
Pavlov, Ihor
Bek, Alpan
Turan, Raşit
Kesim, Denizhan Koray
Tozburun, Serhat
Ilday, Serim
İlday, Fatih Ömer

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Silicon is an excellent material for microelectronics and integrated photonics(1-3), with untapped potential for mid-infrared optics(4). Despite broad recognition of the importance of the third dimension(5,6), current lithography methods do not allow the fabrication of photonic devices and functional microelements directly inside silicon chips. Even relatively simple curved geometries cannot be realized with techniques like reactive ion etching. Embedded optical elements(7), electronic devices and better electronic-photonic integration are lacking(8). Here, we demonstrate laser-based fabrication of complex 3D structures deep inside silicon using 1-mu m-sized dots and rod-like structures of adjustable length as basic building blocks. The laser-modified Si has an optical index different to that in unmodified parts, enabling the creation of numerous photonic devices. Optionally, these parts can be chemically etched to produce desired 3D shapes. We exemplify a plethora of subsurface-that is, 'in-chip'-microstructures for microfluidic cooling of chips, vias, micro-electromechanical systems, photovoltaic applications and photonic devices that match or surpass corresponding state-of-the-art device performances.

Subject Keywords

Pulses, Optics, Holograms

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/43269

Journal

NATURE PHOTONICS

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-017-0004-4

Collections

Department of Physics, Article

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Citation Formats

O. Tokel et al., “In-chip microstructures and photonic devices fabricated by nonlinear laser lithography deep inside silicon,” NATURE PHOTONICS, pp. 639–646, 2017, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/43269.