CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCED FROM ALMOND SHELL AND HAZELNUT SHELL

1994-08-01
BALCI, S
Doğu, Timur
YUCEL, H
Ammonium chloride-impregnated and untreated almond shell and hazelnut shell samples were carbonized in a flow of nitrogen at relatively low temperatures. Pore structure characterization and sorption capacities of activated carbons prepared from shells of almond and hazelnut indicated that treatment with NH4Cl increased the total surface area and improved sorption characteristics. Chemical activation carried out at 350-degrees-C gave products with surface area values above 500 m2 g-1. On the other hand, the surface area values observed for the products obtained from untreated raw materials were about half of this value. The surface area of products obtained from NH4Cl-impregnated samples reached values of over 700 m2 g-1 when the carbonization temperature was increased 700-degrees-C.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Suggestions

Characterization of lignocellulose biomass and model compounds by thermogravimetry
Kök, Mustafa Verşan (Informa UK Limited, 2017-01-01)
In this research, combustion characteristics of lignocellulose biomass (hazelnut shell) and three main components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) were investigated using thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG) technique at different heating rates. The ignition, peak, burn-out temperatures, and the heat liberation of lignocellulose biomass and three main components were also measured. Two different model-free kinetic methods, known as Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), were used in order to...
KINETICS OF WINE SPOILAGE BY ACETIC-ACID BACTERIA
KOSEBALABAN, F; OZILGEN, M (Wiley, 1992-01-01)
Acid production in wines inoculated with acetic acid bacteria from vinegar was studied at 15-degrees-C, 20-degrees-C, 25-degrees-C and 30-degrees-C and simulated with kinetic models. Results indicated that major wine spoilage did not occur during the growth of the microorganisms, but during their extended presence at high concentrations during the stationary and death phases. Acetophilic species were observed to resist death, which is in agreement with the mechanism suggested by Kittelmann et al.9 for the d...
EFFECTS OF SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND LACTIC-ACID PRODUCTION BY MIXED CULTURES OF LACTOBACILLUS-BULGARICUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS
OZEN, S; OZILGEN, M (Wiley, 1992-01-01)
The kinetics of growth and lactic acid production by mixed cultures of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were modeled with a set of modified logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations. The specific growth rates and the inhibitory effect of each individual species on the mixed culture growth were found to be determined by the media composition. The kinetic analysis clearly showed that the contribution of each microbial species to the mixed culture growth process changed drastically when the...
Production of Cellulase and Xylanase Enzymes Using Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) by Trichoderma reeseiat Shake-Flask Scale and the Validation in the Benchtop Scale Bioreactor
Çekmecelioğlu, Deniz (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01-01)
Most of the corn-ethanol plants use dry-mill process and generate large volume of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as the co-product. The DDGS is a promising feedstock with rich content of cellulose and xylan. The goal of this study was to optimize cellulase and xylanase production byTrichoderma reesei(NRRL 6156) using DDGS as the carbon source at shake-flask and validate the results at benchtop bioreactors. The fermentation medium containing varied amounts of dilute-acid pretreated DDGS, yeast ...
Effect of pH, flow rate and concentration on the sorption of Pb and Cd on montmorillonite: II. Modelling
Altin, O; Ozbelge, OH; Doğu, Timur (Wiley, 1999-12-01)
A mathematical model is proposed and compared with experimental data for the migration of heavy metal ions (Pb and Cd) during the flow of aqueous solutions through calcium-saturated montmorillonite packing. The main system parameters are pH, flow rate and concentration. It is assumed that the Liquid phase in the porous montmorillonite can be divided into two regions, mobile and immobile; that adsorption and ion exchange on the clay surface are instantaneous, and that adsorption isotherms are Linear througho...
Citation Formats
S. BALCI, T. Doğu, and H. YUCEL, “CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCED FROM ALMOND SHELL AND HAZELNUT SHELL,” JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, pp. 419–426, 1994, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/62864.