COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors

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2022-3-01

Author

Bogena, Heye Reemt
Schroen, Martin
Jakobi, Jannis
Ney, Patrizia
Zacharias, Steffen
Andreasen, Mie
Baatz, Roland
Boorman, David
Berk Duygu, Mustafa
Angel Eguibar-Galan, Miguel
Fersch, Benjamin
Franke, Till
Geris, Josie
Gonzalez Sanchis, Maria
Kerr, Yann
Korf, Tobias
Mengistu, Zalalem
Mialon, Arnaud
Nasta, Paolo
Nitychoruk, Jerzy
Pisinaras, Vassilios
Rasche, Daniel
Rosolem, Rafael
Said, Hami
Schattan, Paul
Zreda, Marek
Achleitner, Stefan
Albentosa-Hernandez, Eduardo
Akyürek, Sevda Zuhal
Blume, Theresa
del Campo, Antonio
Canone, Davide
Dimitrova-Petrova, Katya
Evans, John G.
Ferraris, Stefano
Frances, Felix
Gisolo, Davide
Guentner, Andreas
Herrmann, Frank
Iwema, Joost
Jensen, Karsten H.
Kunstmann, Harald
Lidon, Antonio
Caroline Looms, Majken
Oswald, Sascha
Panagopoulos, Andreas
Patil, Amol
Power, Daniel
Rebmann, Corinna
Romano, Nunzio
Scheiffele, Lena
Seneviratne, Sonia
Weltin, Georg
Vereecken, Harry

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Climate change increases the occurrence and severity of droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns, and reduced snow occurrence. While Europe has suffered from drought events in the last decade unlike ever seen since the beginning of weather recordings, harmonized long-term datasets across the continent are needed to monitor change and support predictions. Here we present soil moisture data from 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNSs) in Europe (COSMOS-Europe for short) covering recent drought events. The CRNS sites are distributed across Europe and cover all major land use types and climate zones in Europe. The raw neutron count data from the CRNS stations were provided by 24 research institutions and processed using state-of-the-art methods. The harmonized processing included correction of the raw neutron counts and a harmonized methodology for the conversion into soil moisture based on available in situ information. In addition, the uncertainty estimate is provided with the dataset, information that is particularly useful for remote sensing and modeling applications. This paper presents the current spatiotemporal coverage of CRNS stations in Europe and describes the protocols for data processing from raw measurements to consistent soil moisture products. The data of the presented COSMOS-Europe network open up a manifold of potential applications for environmental research, such as remote sensing data validation, trend analysis, or model assimilation The dataset could be of particular importance for the analysis of extreme climatic events at the continental scale. Due its timely relevance in the scope of climate change in the recent years, we demonstrate this potential application with a brief analysis on the spatiotemporal soil moisture variability. The dataset, entitled "Dataset of COSMOS-Europe: A European network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors", is shared via Forschungszentrum Julich: https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48 (Bogena and Ney, 2021).

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/102477

Journal

EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022

Collections

Department of Civil Engineering, Article

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Citation Formats

H. R. Bogena et al., “COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors,” EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1125–1151, 2022, Accessed: 00, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/102477.