A broad-taxa approach as an important concept in ecotoxicological studies and pollution monitoring

Date

2023-01-01

Author

Rosner, Amalia
Ballarin, Loriano
Barnay-Verdier, Stéphanie
Borisenko, Ilya
Drago, Laura
Drobne, Damjana
Concetta Eliso, Maria
Harbuzov, Zoya
Grimaldi, Annalisa
Guy-Haim, Tamar
Karahan, Arzu
Lynch, Iseult
Giulia Lionetto, Maria
Martinez, Pedro
Mehennaoui, Kahina
Oruc Ozcan, Elif
Pinsino, Annalisa
Paz, Guy
Rinkevich, Baruch
Spagnuolo, Antonietta
Sugni, Michela
Cambier, Sébastien

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Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco)toxicological assessments because they offer ethical, cost-effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in the food chain and their ability to represent diverse aquatic ecosystems make them valuable subjects for (eco)toxicological studies. To ensure consistency and comparability across studies, international (eco)toxicology guidelines have been used to establish standardised methods and protocols for data collection, analysis and interpretation. However, the current standardised protocols primarily focus on a limited number of aquatic invertebrate species, mainly from Arthropoda, Mollusca and Annelida. These protocols are suitable for basic toxicity screening, effectively assessing the immediate and severe effects of toxic substances on organisms. For more comprehensive and ecologically relevant assessments, particularly those addressing long-term effects and ecosystem-wide impacts, we recommended the use of a broader diversity of species, since the present choice of taxa exacerbates the limited scope of basic ecotoxicological studies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of (eco)toxicological studies, focusing on major aquatic invertebrate taxa and how they are used to assess the impact of chemicals in diverse aquatic environments. The present work supports the use of a broad-taxa approach in basic environmental assessments, as it better represents the natural populations inhabiting various ecosystems. Advances in omics and other biochemical and computational techniques make the broad-taxa approach more feasible, enabling mechanistic studies on non-model organisms. By combining these approaches with in vitro techniques together with the broad-taxa approach, researchers can gain insights into less-explored impacts of pollution, such as changes in population diversity, the development of tolerance and transgenerational inheritance of pollution responses, the impact on organism phenotypic plasticity, biological invasion outcomes, social behaviour changes, metabolome changes, regeneration phenomena, disease susceptibility and tissue pathologies. This review also emphasises the need for harmonised data-reporting standards and minimum annotation checklists to ensure that research results are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR), maximising the use and reusability of data. The ultimate goal is to encourage integrated and holistic problem-focused collaboration between diverse scientific disciplines, international standardisation organisations and decision-making bodies, with a focus on transdisciplinary knowledge co-production for the One-Health approach.

Subject Keywords

animal model, ecotoxicology, environmental risk assessment, freshwater and marine invertebrates, innovative methods

URI

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85171391396&origin=inward
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/105693

Collections

Graduate School of Marine Sciences, Article