An Experimental study on the effects of different chloride sources on the properties of API Class G cement

Download

index.pdf

Date

2014

Author

Ramazanoğlu, Özge

Metadata

Show full item record

Item Usage Stats

215
views

195
downloads

In the petroleum industry, oil well cements are used in the form of slurries during the construction of oil or natural gas wells. Preserving the integrity of the well and the casing, providing zonal isolation are some of the uses of these special cements. Oil well cement slurries used in the petroleum industry are subjected to different exposure conditions than ordinary Portland cement slurries used in the construction industry. Therefore, oil well cements are required to possess different engineering properties than ordinary Portland cements. During their usage, these cements often interact with various chloride sources either from the water that is being used in the preparation of the slurries, or sometimes intentionally used as an additive to achieve required properties. Therefore, there is a need to identify the effects of chlorides from different sources on the properties of oil well cements. This study presents an experimental program that investigates the effects of different chloride sources on the properties of slurries prepared by class G cement. In the experimental program, a total of 22 cement slurries containing KCl, CaCl2 and NaCl at various amounts are prepared. A control cement slurry with no salt addition is used as a reference. Cement slurries used in all experiments are prepared with the same water/cement ratio (0.44) as stated for Class G cement in API Specification 10A. The experiments that are carried out according to API Spec 10A for the conditions of medium depth oil wells include free fluid content, thickening time, compressive strength and rheology of cement slurries. As a result of the experimental program, it was observed that different chloride sources have different effects on cement slurries’ properties. The effect of salt concentration is very clear on thickening time, compressive strength and rheological properties when compared with the free fluid properties. It is seen that, CaCl2 is the most effective accelerator when compared to other chloride sources. However, when used in higher amounts, it negatively affects the flow properties of the slurries. NaCl is also an effective accelerator when used in lower amounts. On the other hand, when used in higher amounts it rather works as a retarder. KCl, on the other hand, works rather as a dispersant to improve the flow properties of the slurries. The optimum amount depends on the cement properties.

Subject Keywords

Wells., Oil wells., Oil well logging., Cement

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12618220/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/24240

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

The Use of capacitance-resistive models for estimation of interwell connectivity & heterogeneity in a waterflooded reservoir: a case study Gözel, Mustafa Erkin; Akın, Serhat; Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering (2015) Increasing the oil recovery from the hydrocarbon reservoirs is becoming the most important issue for the oil & gas industry with the increase in energy demand and developing technologies. Waterflooding is one of the most preferable methods because of its success ratio, application ease and cost efficiency. Beside mentioned advantages, this method must be carefully planned and performed by considering reservoir heterogeneities to avoid unexpected poor recoveries. As an alternative to the reservoir modeling a...
An Experimental study on usage of hollow glass spheres (HGS) for reducing mud density in low pressure reservoirs and lost circulation zones Arı, T. Çağrı; Akın, Serhat; Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering (2014) Drilling fluid is a fluid mixture that is used in oil and gas drilling operations. Generating hydrostatic pressure, carrying cuttings to the surface and maintaining wellbore stability is essential for a drilling fluid with its other important functions. For low pressure reservoirs, hydrostatic pressure that drilling fluid generated should be low. To achieve that, drilling fluid density should be lowered. However, use of drilling fluids with higher density than required could cause partial or complete loss o...
An Experimental study on steam distillation of heavy oils during thermal recovery Tavakkoli Osgouel, Yashar; Parlaktuna, Mahmut; Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering (2013) Thermal recovery methods are frequently used to enhance the production of heavy crude oils. Steam-based processes are the most economically popular and effective methods for heavy oil recovery for several decades. In general, there are various mechanisms over steam injection to enhance and have additional oil recovery. However, among these mechanisms, steam distillation plays pivotal role in the recovery of crude oil during thermal recovery process. In this study, an experimental investigation was carried o...
A study of thin film solid phase microextraction methods for analysis of fluorinated benzoic acids in seawater Boyacı, Ezel; Viteri, C. Ricardo; Pawliszyn, Janusz (2016-03-04) Fluorinated benzoic acids (FBAs) are frequently used as tracers by the oil industry to characterize petroleum reservoirs. The demand for fast, reliable, robust, and sensitive approaches to separate and quantify FBAs in produced water, both in laboratory and field conditions, has not been yet fully satisfied. In this study, for the first time, thin film solid phase microextraction (TF-SPME) is proposed as a versatile sample preparation tool for the determination of FBAs in produced water by pursing two diffe...
Analysis of finite element method solution of sinusoidal buckling behaviour of drill string in vertical, directional, and horizontal wellbores and comparison with analytical solutions Cebeci, Mehmet; Kök, Mustafa Verşan; Gücüyener, İ. Hakkı; Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering (2017) The buckling of drill string in oil, gas and geothermal wells is a critical problem that has been of interest to many researchers in the industry. Prevention of buckling of drill string is important since it may negatively affect the drilling operations. When buckling of drill string occurs, it may cause deviation control problems while drilling, inefficient load transfer to the bit, excessive torque values, even pipe failures due to fatigue. The first rigorous treatment of stability of drill strings for ve...

Citation Formats

Ö. Ramazanoğlu, “An Experimental study on the effects of different chloride sources on the properties of API Class G cement,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2014.