Changes in biodiversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton, fishes and macrobenthos in the Southern Caspian Sea after the invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi

Date

2010-07-01

Author

Roohi, Aboulghasem
Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan
Sajjadi, Ameneh
Hashemian, Abdolla
Pourgholam, Reza
Fazli, Hasan
Khanari, Ali Ganjian
Eker-Develi, Elif

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Monitoring for 6 years (2001-2006) showed that the population explosion of the alien ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the southern Caspian Sea coincided with a decline in the abundance and species number of mesozooplankton. While this decline appeared to have reduced the nourishment of sprat (also known as kilka), it seemed to have affected phytoplankton favorably mainly due to the decrease in grazing pressure. During 2001-2002, when M. leidyi abundance and biomass were at their highest levels, abundance of dinoflagellates and cyanophytes exceeded that of diatoms. Before the invasion (1996) and in some years after the invasion (2003, 2004 and 2006) diatom abundance was higher than the abundance of other groups. In September 2005, an unprecedented bloom of the toxic cyanophyte Nodularia sp. was observed in the southern Caspian Sea. Disappearance of edible zooplankton such as Eurytemora spp. was among the first changes observed after the expansion of M. leidyi in the area. Some changes in the macrobenthic fauna were also conspicuous after the increase of this ctenophore. While the biomass of some deposit feeders, such as the polychaete Nereis diversicolor and oligochaete species increased, benthic crustaceans decreased sharply in abundance during 2001-2003 and completely disappeared during 2004-2006. Iranian catches of kilka, the most abundant and widespread zooplanktivorous fish, decreased significantly in the southern Caspian Sea after 1999. Iranian landings of kilka dropped similar to 70% from 69,070 +/- A 20,270 t during 1995-2000 to 23,430 +/- A 12,240 t during 2001-2006, resulting in a loss of at least 125 million US dollars to the economy. There were also changes in the total catches of large predators such as the kutum and mullet, which mainly feed on kilka, between 1991 and 2006.

Subject Keywords

Caspian sea, Zooplankton, Phytoplankton, Macrobenthos, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Fishes

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/32606

Journal

BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-009-9648-4

Collections

Graduate School of Marine Sciences, Article

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Factors Influencing the Invasion of the Alien Ctenophore Mnemiopsisleidyi Development in the Southern Caspian Sea Roohi, Aboulghasem; Pourgholam, Reza; Khenari, Ali Ganjian; Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan; Sajjadi, Ameneh; Kalantari, Ramin Abdollahzade (2013-11-01) Mnemiopsis leidyi population activities first were recorded during the coastal observations in 2001 in which its population considerably increased afterward and now sustained the southern Caspian Sea. Maximum summer-autumn M. leidyi abundance was recorded in euphotic layer in 2002 (851±85 ind.m-3) and maximum biomass was in 2001 with 48.1±14.4 g.m-3) while minimum were in aphotic layer. In years 2003 to 2011, M. leidyi abundance and biomass sharply declined to 1-843 ind.m-3 and 0.07-37.7 g.m-3, respectively...
Impact of a new invasive ctenophore (Mnemiopsis leidyi) on the zooplankton community of the Southern Caspian sea Roohi, Abolghasem; Yasin, Zulfigar; Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan; Hwai, Aileen Tan Shau; Khanari, Ali Ganjian; Eker-Develi, Elif (2008-12-01) The invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi (Agassiz), which was transported from the Black Sea into the Caspian Sea at the end of the 1990s, has negatively affected the ecosystem of the Caspian Sea. Zooplankton abundance, biomass and species composition were evaluated on the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea during 2001-2006. A total of 18 merozooplankton (13 species composed of larvae of benthic animals) and holozooplankton (four Copepoda and one Cladocera) species were identified. The total number of zoopla...
Decreased levels of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis in the Marmara Sea in 2001 İşinibilir Okyar, Melek; Tarkan, Ahmet N; Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan (null, 2004-01-01) Mnemiopsis leidyi, an endemic ctenophore of the western Atlantic, was first reported in the Marmara Sea in summer 1992, at an average abundance of 27 ind. m−3. We investigated its abundance and distribution together with that of the mesozooplankton (most species are prey organisms of M. leidyi) at eight stations during August 2001, in order to evaluate recent population developments with regard to the impact of its predator, Beroe cf ovata. The abundance of M. leidyi was found to be quite low (range 0.5–8.8...
Decreased levels of the invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis in the Marmara Sea in 2001 İŞİNİBİLİR OKYAR, Melek; Tarkan, AN; Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan (2004-01-01) Mnemiopsis leidyi, an endemic ctenophore of the western Atlantic, was first reported in the Marmara Sea in summer 1992, at an average abundance of 27 ind. m(-3). We investigated its abundance and distribution together with that of the mesozooplankton (most species are prey organisms of M. leidyi) at eight stations during August 2001, in order to evaluate recent population developments with regard to the impact of its predator, Beroe cf ovata. The abundance of M. leidyi was found to be quite low (range 0.5-8...
Effect of temperature on clearance rate daily ration and digestiontime of Mnemiopsis leidyi from the southern Caspian Sea M,, Rowshantabari; Finenko, Ga; Kıdeyş, Ahmet Erkan; Kiabi, B. (University of Guilan, 2012-06-01) The effect of temperature on the main feeding parameters of Mnemiopsis leidyi from the southern Caspian Sea was studied in 2002. The clearance rates and daily rations were estimated from laboratory experiments in a wide range of temperatures from 12 to 27 ?C for M. leidyi of 12?17 mm in length. Clearance rate values changed from 52.5 to 107.3 ml ind-1 h-1. The coefficient Q10 in temperature 12 - 20 ?C was higher than that in 20 - 27 ?C (3.81 and 1.91, respectively). The specific daily ration changed from 1....

Citation Formats

A. Roohi et al., “Changes in biodiversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton, fishes and macrobenthos in the Southern Caspian Sea after the invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi,” BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS, pp. 2343–2361, 2010, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/32606.