A Fully Integrated and Battery-Free Interface for Low-Voltage Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters

Date

2015-07-01

Author

Ulusan, Hasan
Gharehbaghi, Kaveh
Zorlu, Ozge
Muhtaroglu, Ali
Külah, Haluk

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This paper presents a fully integrated and battery-free 90 nm interface circuit for ac/dc conversion and step up of low-voltage ac signals generated by electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesters. The circuit is composed of two stages: The rectifier in the first stage utilizes an improved ac/dc doubler structure with active diodes internally powered by a passive ac/dc doubler and custom-designed comparators to minimize the voltage drops. With this, the efficiency is enhanced to 67% while providing 0.61 V to 40 mu A load. The second stage is a dc/dc converter utilizing a low-voltage charge pump with an on-chip ring oscillator for further voltage step up. The rectifier stage is functional down to 125 mV input peak voltage, and the full interface circuit can maintain more than 1 V dc at 1 M Omega load for input peak voltages higher than 0.4 V. The circuit delivers 2.48 V to a 4.4 M Omega load, when interfaced to an in-house EM harvester, operating under 10 Hz, 0.5g vibration.

Subject Keywords

vibration-based energy harvesting, Self-powered rectifier, Low-voltage ac/dc conversion, Fully integrated interface electronics, Electromagnetic (EM) power generation

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/41326

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2014.2344915

Collections

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Article

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Highly Integrated 3 V Supply Electronics for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters With Minimum 0.4 V-peak Input Ulusan, Hasan; Zorlu, Ozge; Muhtaroglu, Ali; Külah, Haluk (2017-07-01) This paper presents a self-powered interface enabling battery-like operation with a regulated 3 V output from ac signals as low as 0.4 V-peak, generated by electromagnetic energy harvesters under low frequency vibrations. As the first stage of the 180 nm standard CMOS circuit, harvested signal is rectified through an ac/dc doubler with active diodes powered internally by a passive ac/dc quadrupler. The voltage is boosted in the second stage through a low voltage charge pump stimulated by an on-chip ring osc...
A Self-Powered Rectifier Circuit for Low-Voltage Energy Harvesting Applications Ulusan, Hasan; Gharehbaghi, Kaveh; Zorlu, Ozge; Muhtaroglu, Ali; Külah, Haluk (2012-12-05) This paper presents a fully self-powered low voltage and low power active rectifier circuit for vibration-based electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesters. A passive AC/DC doubler is used to provide a supply voltage for the active rectifier circuit. The proposed circuit is designed using standard 90 nm TSMC CMOS technology. The simulation results show that the proposed active rectifier circuit has voltage conversion ratio higher than 150% when the input peak voltage is more than 100 mV at open-load condition. T...

Citation Formats

H. Ulusan, K. Gharehbaghi, O. Zorlu, A. Muhtaroglu, and H. Külah, “A Fully Integrated and Battery-Free Interface for Low-Voltage Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, pp. 3712–3719, 2015, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/41326.