Ionic composition of precipitation in Marmaris station

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2019

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Yücel, Gizem

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In this study, wet-only rain samples were collected at a high-altitude rural site, by General Directorate of Meteorology, between July 2011 and November 2016. The sampling station was located at Marmaris Meteorological Radar, which has an altitude of 1000 m from sea level and located 15 km to the North of Marmaris. Collected samples were analyzed for major ions (SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, H+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+) by ion chromatography. Approximately 300 samples were collected and analyzed during study period. Residence time calculations showed that the station is under the influence of emissions at western Turkey and Balkan countries. Average pH of rainwater is 6.0 indicating extensive neutralization, which can be attributed to CaCO3, which is an abundant component in alkaline soil on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Neutralization of rainwater acidity is almost complete during summer period and decreases in winter, owing to limited resuspension of soil in winter. Trajectories of the station are grouped into 5 clusters, residence time analysis of trajectory segments with altitudes less than 500 m indicated that western parts of Turkey, Balkan countries, Ukraine and the Black Sea coast of Russia are potential source regions affecting composition of rainwater at Eastern Mediterranean. Most of the ions measured in this work have higher concentrations during summer season. The positive matrix factorization model revealed four factors, which were identified as two anthropogenic, one marine and one crustal factors. Potential source regions for the anthropogenic components in rainwater were identified as to be western Ukraine, Western Black Sea coast of the Turkey, Balkan Countries, North Africa and Georgia.

Subject Keywords

Acid rain., Eastern Mediterranean, Wet Deposition, Rainwater Composition, Acid Rain, Back Trajectory.

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http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12623196/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/43368

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

G. Yücel, “Ionic composition of precipitation in Marmaris station,” Thesis (M.S.) -- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Environmental Engineering., Middle East Technical University, 2019.