Assessment of discrimination of mafic rocks using trace element systematics with machine learning

Download

index.pdf

Date

2019

Author

Öztürk, Mehmet Sinan

Metadata

Show full item record

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Item Usage Stats

275
views

390
downloads

Having an important role in the elucidation of the evolution of ancient oceans and related continental fragments, the determination of original tectonic settings of ancient igneous rocks is an essential part of the geodynamic inferences. Geochemical classification of mafic rocks is important for the tectono-magmatic discrimination of igneous rocks especially when geological information is insufficient as the link of the igneous rocks to their original tectonic setting had been erased due to large scale events. Starting from 1960s, first traditional methods (functions of elements or element ratios, bivariate and ternary diagrams of elements or element ratios), and then, recently, modern methods such as decision trees, support vector machines, sparse multinomial regression and random forest have been applied to develop tectono-magmatic discrimination methods. The purpose of this study is to assess new and better classification methods which are both statistically and geochemically rigorous using trace element systematics with decision tree learning, an effective machine learning method for classification. Dataset included a large number of samples well distributed through different tectonic settings (continental arcs, continental within-plates, mid-oceanic ridges, oceanic arcs, oceanic back-arc basins, oceanic islands and oceanic plateaus) as classes. Data is gathered from high quality articles which is known to follow accurate geochemical sampling procedures and have their samples analyzed in internationally accredited and trustworthy laboratories. Only element ratios have been used as features in order to increase the successful applicability of constructed decision trees to external datasets. With this study, successful decision trees with their alternatives are proposed for the tectono-magmatic discrimination between (1) subduction and non-subduction settings, (2) arc-related and back-arc-related settings within subduction settings, (3) oceanic arcs and continental arcs within arc-related settings, (4) oceanic and continental settings within subduction settings, (5) oceanic arcs and oceanic back-arcs within subduction-related oceanic settings, (6) mid-oceanic ridges + oceanic plateaus and oceanic islands + continental within-plates within non-subduction settings, (7) mid-oceanic ridges and oceanic plateaus within non-subduction settings and (8) oceanic islands and continental within-plates within non-subduction settings.

Subject Keywords

Rocks, Rocks Analysis, Decision trees, machine learning, tectonic discrimination, mafic rocks, trace elements.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12625078/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/45225

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

Analysis of Plio-Quaternary deep marine systems and their evolution in a compressional tectonic regime, Eastern Black Sea Basin Sipahioglu, N. O.; Karahanoğlu, Nurkan; Altıner, Demir (Elsevier BV, 2013-05-01) Facies architecture of submarine fans and channel-levee complexes in the Eastern Black Sea Basin and their evolution from the Late Miocene until the present day are studied using a three-dimensional seismic data set covering an area of approximately 1161 km(2). The interpretation of the observations reveals the outcome of the changing interplay between rate of sedimentation and compressional tectonism in the area through time.
Trace metal composition of particulate matter of the Danube River and Turkish rivers draining into the Black Sea Yigiterhan, Oguz; Murray, James W. (2008-08-16) We determined the composition of particles from several rivers entering the Black Sea as part of a broader study of the composition of suspended matter and sediments in the Black Sea. Suspended matter and surface sediment samples were collected from the Danube River draining from Europe and from four Turkish rivers (Sakarya, Yenice (Filyos), Kizilirmak and Yesilirmak Rivers) in Anatolia. All samples were digested and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry...
IMMOBILE TRACE ELEMENT SYSTEMATICS OF OCEANIC ISLAND BASALTS: THE ROLE OF OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE IN CREATING THE GEOCHEMICAL DIVERSITY Sayıt, Kaan (2013-06-01) The Earth's mantle is known to be heterogeneous at different scales, which has been generally linked to the presence of diverse mantle reservoirs, some of which are believed to have remained isolated for long periods of time. When oceanic island basalts (OIBs) are subdivided into five distinct end-member groups on the basis of Sr-Nd-Pb isotope systematics, which include DM, EM1, EM2, HIMU and C, trace element systematics do not appear to be effective discriminators as isotopes, though an end-member signatur...
Middle Jurassic Lower Cretaceous biostratigraphy in the Central Pontides (Turkey): Remarks on paleogeography and tectonic evolution Rojay, Fuat Bora; Altıner, Demir (1998-08-01) The deposition of Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonates in the Pontides was controlled mainly by the evolution of an Atlantic-type continental margin in the Tethys. The study of several stratigraphic sections from allochthonous slices and blocks of the North Anatolian Ophiolitic Melange provided insight into the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous paleogeographic evolution of the Central Pontide Belt. The Callovian-Aptian successions span the Globuligerina gr. oxfordiana, Clypeina jurassica (equivalent of the T...
Assessment of temporal variation and sources of PCBs in the sediments of Mediterranean Sea, Mersin Bay, Turkey Gedik, Kadir; İmamoğlu, İpek (Elsevier BV, 2011-01-01) Information on temporal distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the coastal sediments of Mediterranean Sea, Mersin was compiled using data published between 1980 and 2009, and the present study. The first congener specific PCB results from the region yield concentration levels of Sigma(41) PCBs in sediments ranging from 0.61 to 1.04 ng g(-1). Sediment profiles show penta-, hexa- and hepta-chlorobiphenyls, specifically, #149 and 153 as the most abundant congeners in all samples. Comparison of tot...

Citation Formats

M. S. Öztürk, “Assessment of discrimination of mafic rocks using trace element systematics with machine learning,” Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Geological Engineering., Middle East Technical University, 2019.