Date

2018-8-13

Author

Karaslaan, Hatice
Hohenberger, Annette
Demir, Mehmet Hilmi
Hall, Simon
Oaksford, Mike

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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Cross-cultural differences in argumentation may be explained by the use of different norms of reasoning. However, some norms derive from, presumably universal, mathematical laws. This inconsistency can be resolved, by considering that some norms of argumentation, like Bayes theorem, are mathematical functions. Systematic variation in the inputs may produce culture-dependent inductive biases although the function remains invariant. This hypothesis was tested by fitting a Bayesian model to data on informal argumentation from Turkish and English cultures, which linguistically mark evidence quality differently. The experiment varied evidential marking and informant reliability in argumentative dialogues and revealed cross-cultural differences for both independent variables. The Bayesian model fitted the data from both cultures well but there were differences in the parameters consistent with culture-specific inductive biases. These findings are related to current controversies over the universality of the norms of reasoning and the role of normative theories in the psychology of reasoning.

Subject Keywords

Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Cultural Studies, Social Psychology, Cultural differences, Bayesian argumentation, Source reliability, Evidentiality, Inductive biases, Rational norms

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/52087

Collections

Department of Philosophy, Article