Identification and Characterization of 33 Bacillus cereus sensu lato Isolates from Agricultural Fields from Eleven Widely Distributed Countries by Whole Genome Sequencing

Date

2020-12-01

Author

Zervas, Athanasios
Aggerbeck, Marie Ronne
Allaga, Henrietta
GÜZEL, MUSTAFA
Hendriks, Marc
Jonuskiene, IIona
Kedves, Orsolya
Kupeli, Ayse
Lamovsek, Janja
Muelner, Pascal
Munday, Denise
Namlı, Şahin
Samut, Hilal
Tomicic, Ruzica
Tomicic, Zorica
Yeni, Filiz
Zghal, Raida Zribi
Zhao, Xingchen
Sanchis-Borja, Vincent
Hendriksen, Niels Bohse

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The phylogeny, identification, and characterization of 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates originating from 17 agricultural soils from 11 countries were analyzed on the basis of whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all isolates are divided into six groups, which follows the generally accepted phylogenetic division of B. cereus sensu lato isolates. Four different identification methods resulted in a variation in the identity of the isolates, as none of the isolates were identified as the same species by all four methods-only the recent identification method proposed directly reflected the phylogeny of the isolates. This points to the importance of describing the basis and method used for the identification. The presence and percent identity of the protein product of 19 genes potentially involved in pathogenicity divided the 33 isolates into groups corresponding to phylogenetic division of the isolates. This suggests that different pathotypes exist and that it is possible to differentiate between them by comparing the percent identity of proteins potentially involved in pathogenicity. This also reveals that a basic link between phylogeny and pathogenicity is likely to exist. The geographical distribution of the isolates is not random: they are distributed in relation to their division into the six phylogenetic groups, which again relates to different ecotypes with different temperature growth ranges. This means that we find it easier to analyze and understand the results obtained from the 33 B. cereus sensu lato isolates in a phylogenetic, patho-type and ecotype-oriented context, than in a context based on uncertain identification at the species level.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/88498

Journal

MICROORGANISMS

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8122028

Collections

Department of Food Engineering, Article

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Citation Formats

A. Zervas et al., “Identification and Characterization of 33 Bacillus cereus sensu lato Isolates from Agricultural Fields from Eleven Widely Distributed Countries by Whole Genome Sequencing,” MICROORGANISMS, pp. 0–0, 2020, Accessed: 00, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/88498.