Cowl Length Variation on Performance Characteristics of a Single Expansion Ramp Nozzle

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2021-05-01

Author

Jayaraman, Kandasamy

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Experiments have been carried out to investigate the effect of cowl length variation on performance characteristics of a single expansion ramp nozzle. The performance parameters were estimated for cowl lengths of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% with respect to the horizontal length of the ramp. Experiments were conducted for different nozzle pressure ratios ranging between 1.5 and 9. The wall static pressure distribution data were measured from the tests to estimate the various performance parameters, such as axial thrust, normal force, gross thrust, thrust vectoring angle, and coefficient of pitching moment. High-speed schlieren imaging was used to visualize the flow separation and shock patterns and to measure the jet width. The flow was separated from the ramp wall up to a nozzle pressure ratio of 3 for all cowl cases. The shorter cowl length delays the downstream movement of shock-induced boundary separation inside the nozzle as compared to the longer cowl. The cowl trailing-edge flow was more underexpanded than the ramp tip flow. As cowl length increases, the increased restriction results in higher axial thrust and also increases the normal force. The pitching moment and thrust vectoring were dominated by normal force. Overall, as the nozzle pressure ratio increases, the axial force and jet width increase, whereas the normal force and the pitching moment increase up to a certain level and then decrease. As the cowl length increases, the axial thrust, normal thrust, pitching moment, and thrust vector angle increase, while the jet width decreases.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/94482

Journal

Journal of Propulsion and Power

DOI

https://doi.org/10.2514/1.b38217

Collections

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Article

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Citation Formats

K. Jayaraman, “Cowl Length Variation on Performance Characteristics of a Single Expansion Ramp Nozzle,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 780–791, 2021, Accessed: 00, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/94482.