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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES OVER THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN: BIOAVAILABILITY AND IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS ON MARINE PRODUCTIVITY
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2016-10-04
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Yılmaz, Gültekin
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Bulk aerosol samples were collected using a high volume sampler at a rural site (Erdemli) on the coast of Eastern Mediterranean. The sampling was carried out on a daily basis between April 1 – 30 2015 and July 20 – August 20, 2015, and intermittently before April (n=68). The sampling periods were chosen to reflect the aerosol population such as, Saharan dust dominated, mixed and anthropogenic dominated. In addition to high-volume sampling, wet deposition samples were also collected covering the same period and the samples were segregated by size via filtration. An acid digestion scheme was applied to samples for total concentrations. For speciation of elements, a preconcentration setting of serially connected cationic and anionic exchange columns was applied to selected samples. Samples were selected according to their air mass back trajectory history to reflect their sources and origins. All samples were analysed with ICPMS for the elements of interest (Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Ca, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and P) Clear reciprocal relationship was established between dust episodes and elements of crustal origin. Soluble fractions of elements were separated from total concentration, and anionic and cationic forms of soluble part was determined to assess their bioavailability, as anionic forms of trace elements are generally associated with organic complexation. It has been observed that major fraction of soluble Al is found in anionic form, while the concentration of anionic soluble Fe is 1.2 times greater than of cationic Fe. It has been established that contribution of polyphosphates to water soluble phospates can reach up to 20%. The two main sources of phosphorus was determined to be mineral dust and agriculture, accounting for 34 and 33 % of total concentration, respectively. Surface waters which were obtained from both coastal and open waters were treated with atmospheric dust of two different compositions. In the course of experiments, chlorophyll-a was recorded to increase in all treatments while phosphorus was assimilated from the medium down to 0,3 nM. Results of the atmospheric dust addition experiments confirmed the effect of aerosols, as Chl-a concentration increased up to 4-fold with regard to controls, in both coastal and open water samples alike.
Subject Keywords
Eastern Mediterranean
,
atmospheric aerosols
,
marine productivity
,
micronutrients
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https://hdl.handle.net/11511/95093
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Graduate School of Marine Sciences, Thesis
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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SPECIATION OF THE MACRO NUTRIENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES, DRY AND WET DEPOSITION MODES OVER THE EASTERN MEDITERRENEAN: SOURCE AREAS, BIO-AVAILABILITY AND IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS ON MARINE PRODUCTIVITY
Nehir, Münevver; Koçak , Mustafa; Department of Oceanography (2016-10-10)
Two stage aerosol (coarse: PM10-2.5 and fine: PM2.5) and rainwater samples were collected at a rural site (Erdemli) located on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, between January 2014 and April 2015. Concentrations of the water-soluble nitrogen species (organic nitrogen (WSON), nitrate, ammonium, total nitrogen (WSTN) and urea) were measured in a total of 740 aerosol and 23 rainwater samples. Among the nitrogen species, WSON (24.6 ± 16.3 nmol N m-3) denoted the highest arithmetic mean and followed by am...
Influence of mineral dust transport on the chemical composition and physical properties of the Eastern Mediterranean aerosol
Koçak, Mustafa; Zarmpas, P.; Seguret, M. J. M.; Herut, B.; Kallos, G.; Mihalopoulos, N.; Kubilay, N.; Nimmo, M. (2012-09-01)
Bulk aerosol samples were collected from three different coastal rural sites located around the Eastern Mediterranean, (i) Erdemli (ER), Turkey, (ii) Heraklion (HR), Crete, Greece, and (iii) Tel Shikmona (TS), Israel, during two distinct mineral dust periods (October, 2007 and April, 2008) in order to explore the temporal and geographical variability in the aerosol chemical composition. Samples were analyzed for trace elements (Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, Cr, Zn, Cu, V, Ni, Cd, Pb) and water-soluble ions (Cl-, NO3-, SO...
Ionic composition of lower tropospheric aerosols at a Northeastern Mediterranean site: implications regarding sources and long-range transport
Koçak, Mustafa; Mihalopoulos, N (2004-05-01)
Daily bulk aerosol filter samples were collected at Erdemli (36.6degreesN, 34.3degreesE) on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey for a 4-year period between 1996 and 1999. Concentrations of the water-soluble ions (Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, C2O42- MSA(-), Na+; NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) were measured in a total of 610 samples. In addition, three-dimensional (3-D), 3-day back trajectories of air masses arriving daily at Erdemli were calculated to determine potential aerosol source regions. The results indicated that ...
Chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols in a rural site of northwestern Anatolia
Yenisoy-Karakas, S; Tuncel, Süleyman Gürdal (1997-09-01)
Aerosol samples were collected daily at a rural mountainous site of northwestern Anatolia during September 1993-April 1994. Concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ have been determined. Sulfate made up the 30% analyzed aerosol mass with a 2.14 mu gm(-3) average concentration. Measured concentrations were comparable with other rural area data except Ca2+ which was higher in our station with an average concentration of 1.12 mu gm(-3). Monthly concentrations of major ions fluctuate dep...
Chemical composition of the fine and coarse fraction of aerosols in the northeastern Mediterranean
Koçak, Mustafa; Kubilay, Nilguen (2007-11-01)
Two-stage aerosol samples (PM10-2.5 and PM2.5) were collected at a coastal rural site located in the northeastern Mediterranean, between April 2001 and 2002. A total of 562 aerosol samples were analyzed for trace elements (Fe, Ti, Mn, Ca, V, Ni, Zn, Cr) and water-soluble ions (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, C2O42- and 3 4 4 MS-:methane sulfonate). PM10, crustal elements, sea salt aerosols and NO3- were mainly associated with the coarse mode SO42-, C2O42-; whereas non-sea salt (nss) SO42-,...
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G. Yılmaz, “CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES OVER THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN: BIOAVAILABILITY AND IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS ON MARINE PRODUCTIVITY,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2016.