A genomic snapshot of demographic and cultural dynamism in Upper Mesopotamia during the Neolithic Transition

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2022-02-01

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Altınışık, Nefize Ezgi
Kazancı, Duygu Deniz
Aydoğan, Ayça
Gemici, Hasan Can
Erdal, Ömür Dilek
Sarıaltun, Savaş
Vural, Kıvılcım Başak
Koptekin, Dilek
Gürün, Kanat
Sağlıcan, Ekin
Cakan, Gokhan
Koruyucu, Meliha Melis
Lagerholm, Vendela Kempe
Karamurat, Cansu
Ozkan, Mustafa
Kılınç, Gülşah Merve
Sevkar, Arda
Sürer, Elif
Götherström, Anders
Atakuman, Çiğdem
Erdal, Yılmaz Selim
Özer, Füsun
Erim Özdoğan, Fatma Aslı
Somel, Mehmet

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Upper Mesopotamia played a key role in the Neolithic Transition in Southwest Asia through marked innovations in symbolism, technology, and foodways. We present thirteen ancient genomes (c.8500-7500 calBCE) from Pre-Pottery Neolithic Çayönü in the Tigris basin together with bioarchaeological and material culture data. Our findings reveal that Çayönü was a genetically diverse population, carrying a mixed ancestry from western and eastern Fertile Crescent, and that the community received immigrants. Our results further suggest that the community was organised along biological family lines. We document bodily interventions such as head-shaping and cauterization among the individuals examined, reflecting Çayönü's cultural ingenuity. Finally, we identify Upper Mesopotamia as the likely source of eastern gene flow into Neolithic Anatolia, in line with material culture evidence. We hypothesise that Upper Mesopotamia's cultural dynamism during the Neolithic Transition was the product not only of its fertile lands but also of its interregional demographic connections.

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https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.31.478487v1
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/96014

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Graduate School of Informatics, Article

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Citation Formats

N. E. Altınışık et al., “A genomic snapshot of demographic and cultural dynamism in Upper Mesopotamia during the Neolithic Transition,” 2022, Accessed: 00, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.31.478487v1.