Date

2022-8-3

Author

Özatağ, Onur

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The work in hand follows the one and a half century development and change process of the Wahhābī movement from its beginning. Originating from Inner Arabia, the Wahhābis engaged in a struggle with many political and cultural structures that they considered foreign and infidel during this time. Every encounter with the outsiders triggered interaction and change as well as ideological conflict. Wahhābism, which can be considered as a puritanical state-making movement, has followed a policy of expansionism by leaving Inner Arabia since its partnership with the Saʿūdīs in 1744. The capture of the Ḥijāz at the beginning of the nineteenth century, made the Saʿūdī-Wahhābis a challenger to the Ottoman domination. Having redefined the Sunnī understanding of Islam in their own way, the Wahhābis regarded anyone outside of this definition as blasphemous. With the military intervention of Egypt, however, the first political organization they established in Najd was destroyed in 1818. Yet it was also possible for a religious movement, which defined itself as the only and genuine Muslim, to survive the political turmoil and to continue its existence in the isolated geography of inner Arabia. Therefore, Wahhābism in the nineteenth century is relatively more introverted and represents both religious routinization and a bridge that carries the dynasty to the twentieth century. On the other hand, the political situation they faced at the end of the nineteenth century was not at all encouraging, and it tested the power of existence of both the ulama and the dynasty in Arabia.

Subject Keywords

Saudi Arabia, Najd and Ahsa, Wahhabism, Midhat Pasha

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/98188

Collections

Graduate School of Social Sciences, Thesis