Effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and high dynamic pressure (HDP) on stability and rheological properties of model oil-in-water emulsions

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2010

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Bigikoçin, Erman

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High pressure applications are alternatives to conventional methods in food processing. They provide interesting modifications in food structures which leads to new product formulations. The aim of this study is to identify the effects of two different treatments, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and high dynamic pressure (HDP) on stability and rheological properties of model oil-in-water emulsions. Microfluidization was selected among the HDP homogenization techniques. The performance of each process was analyzed in terms of rheological modifications and emulsion stability improvements compared to the coarse emulsions which were prepared with colloid mill homogenization. Stability of emulsions was determined comparatively by using an analytical photo-centrifuge device employing a novel analysis technology. Whey protein isolate (WPI) was used as an emulsifier in combination with a food polysaccharide as a stabilizer. The polysaccharides used were xanthan gum, guar gum and locust bean gum which are widely used stabilizing ingredients in food industry. The effective disruption of oil droplets and the degradation of polysaccharides by the shear forces under high pressure in HDP microfluidization yielded finer emulsions with lower viscosities. The finer emulsions obtained with this homogenization technique led to distinctive improvements in emulsion stability. On the other hand, the improvements in stability by HHP treatment were due to the thickening of the emulsions mainly induced by protein unfolding. The corresponding increases in viscosity were intensified in emulsion formulations with higher oil content. Apart from these, HHP treatment was found to be relatively more contributing to the enhancements in viscoelastic properties.

Subject Keywords

Food processing and manufacture.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612416/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/19959

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

E. Bigikoçin, “Effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and high dynamic pressure (HDP) on stability and rheological properties of model oil-in-water emulsions,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2010.