Evaluation of phthalate esters in pasteurized milk samples and their packages by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS)

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2014

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Şenlik, Damla

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In this study, the Phthalate Esters, which are specifically Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP), Diethyl Phthalate (DEP), Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP), Butylbenzyl Phthalate (BBP), Diethlyhexzyl Phthalate (DEHP), and Dioctylphthalate (DOP), were evaluated in the 5 different pasteurized milk samples and their packages that were chosen from the Turkish market. As validated extraction methodology Ultrasound Assisted Dispersive Liquid Liquid Micro Extraction (UA-DLLME) and Ultrasonic Bath Extraction (UBE) were used for the milk samples and packages, respectively. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used as the analytical instrumentation. Extraction efficiencies of the UA-DLLME were in between 66-100% while the ones that belong to UBE were in between 115-127%. For both the pasteurized milk samples and their packages, DBP and DEHP were found as the most common phthalate esters in each of five milk and package samples. DBP values that are obtained after the analysis of milk samples were between 3.08-5.03 ng/g while DEHP values were in between 0.41-4.00 ng/g. Concentration of DBP in milk packages were in between 1.05-2.03 ng/g while concentration of DEHP values were in between 30.0-62.6 ng/cm2. Concentration of DOP was found as the lowest concentrated phthalate ester in milk packages. It is only found in Milk Package Sample E as 2.42 ng/g while no DOP was found in milk samples. In addition, the results of this study and the found values of the phthalate levels were compared with the other studies performed in other countries.

Subject Keywords

Milk, Phthalate esters., Gas chromatography., Mass spectrometry.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12616725/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/23238

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

D. Şenlik, “Evaluation of phthalate esters in pasteurized milk samples and their packages by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS),” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2014.