Temporal variation of volatile organic compound concentrations in Bursa atmosphere

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2014

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Yurdakul, Sema

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Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) attracted attention as air pollutants due to their health effects, particularly with their potential to induce cancer. The levels and sources of VOCs in Bursa atmosphere, which is one of the most heavily industrialize cities in Turkey, were investigated by measuring C2 – C12 VOCs in two campaigns. Concentrations of 148 VOCs were measured with 60 minute intervals using an on-line gas chromatograph. Data generated in this study is the first extensive and high-resolution data set generated in Turkey. VOC concentrations measured in this study are generally low compared to similar concentrations reported for cities with similar population with Bursa. VOCs showed well defined short- and long-term temporal variations. The most pronounced short-term variation was diurnal pattern with a morning and afternoon maxima. In addition to diurnal variations, concentrations of VOCs also showed consistent weekend-weekday differences and differences between the two sampling campaigns. One of the important outcomes of this study is the asphalt profile developed from the data generated. Volatile organic compounds, including 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-undecene, n-nonane, n-decane, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene, undecane and dodecane were shown to be good tracers for asphalting operations. Emissions from asphalt do not significantly affect concentrations of light hydrocarbons (< C5). Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) applied to data yielded eight sources for both campaigns, including Light Duty-Vehicle (LDV), Vehicles operating with LPG, paint, gasoline evaporation, asphalting operations, industrial processes, solvent evaporation form small scale commercial activities and industrial solvent evaporation contributing to total VOC concentrations.

Subject Keywords

Pollutants., Air, Volatile organic compounds.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12618192/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/24205

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

S. Yurdakul, “Temporal variation of volatile organic compound concentrations in Bursa atmosphere,” Ph.D. - Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, 2014.