Beneficiation of oxide lead and zinc minerals by selective flotation and ammonia leaching

Date

2016

Author

Talan, Deniz

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This study was aimed to concentrate a carbonate rich lead and zinc ore by selective flotation and agitating ammonia leaching. Run-of-mine ore with 13.59% Pb and 28.31% Zn used in this study was provided from Kayseri-Develi region of Turkey. Initially the mineralogical characterization of the ore was performed using polarized microscopy and that showed cerussite (PbCO3) and smithsonite (ZnCO3) are the main components in the ore together with dolomite and limonite as gangue minerals. Prior to flotation tests, effect of pH was investigated. Later, galena flotation was conducted. According to the pre-determined flowsheet, two stages (rougher+cleaner) flotation was performed and effects of collector type and dosage on grade and recovery of galena was examined. As a result of the experiments, a galena concentrate containing 75.81 % Pb was produced using 200 g/t potassium amyl xanthate (KAX) and 53 g/t F-533 as frother. For flotation of cerussite, effects of dosage and conditioning time of sulfidizing agent, collector type and dosage and desliming were investigated. At the end of the cerussite flotation tests, a concentrate was obtained having 63.25% Pb and 82.76% overall recovery. Optimum conditions for this flotation were determined as; 2000 g/t sodium sulfide (Na2S) with 10 minutes of conditioning, 400 g/t potassium amyl xanthate (KAX) as collector and 53 g/t F-533 as frother at pH 9.5. Desliming had negative effect on grade and recovery since Pb distributed mostly in fine sizes. As the second part of the study, effects of different ammonia contained reagents, reagent concentration and leaching duration on leaching of smithsonite (ZnCO3) were examined. Within the context of the tests, ammonia (NH3), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) were used at 5 M and 7 M concentrations for 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours at ambient temperature. In consequence of the test results, the best result obtained as 86% Zn extraction with 7 M ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) solution and 12 hours of conditioning.

Subject Keywords

Zinc., Lead., Cerussite., Flotation., Leaching., Ammonia., Oxide minerals.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12620408/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/26091

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

D. Talan, “Beneficiation of oxide lead and zinc minerals by selective flotation and ammonia leaching,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2016.