Sulfide Oxidation across Diffuse Flow Zones of Hydrothermal Vents

Date

2011-09-01

Author

Gartman, Amy
Yücel, Mustafa
Madison, Andrew S.
Chu, David W.
MA, Shufen
Janzen, Christopher P.
Becker, Erin L.
Beinart, Roxanne A.
Girguis, Peter R.
Luther, George W.

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The sulfide (H(2)S/HS(-)) that is emitted from hydrothermal vents begins to oxidize abiotically with oxygen upon contact with ambient bottom water, but the reaction kinetics are slow. Here, using in situ voltammetry, we report detection of the intermediate sulfur oxidation products polysulfides [S(x)(2-)] and thiosulfate [S(2)O(3)(2-)], along with contextual data on sulfide, oxygen, and temperature. At Lau Basin in 2006, thiosulfate was identified in less than one percent of approximately 10,500 scans and no polysulfides were detected. Only five percent of 11,000 voltammetric scans taken at four vent sites at Lau Basin in May 2009 show either thiosulfate or polysulfides. These in situ data indicate that abiotic sulfide oxidation does not readily occur as H(2)S contacts oxic bottom waters. Calculated abiotic potential sulfide oxidation rates are < 10(-3) mu M/min and are consistent with slow oxidation and the observed lack of sulfur oxidation intermediates. It is known that the thermodynamics for the first electron transfer step for sulfide and oxygen during sulfide oxidation in these systems are unfavorable, and that the kinetics for two electron transfers are not rapid. Here, we suggest that different metal catalyzed and/or biotic reaction pathways can readily produce sulfur oxidation intermediates. Via shipboard high-pressure incubation experiments, we show that snails with chemosynthetic endosymbionts do release polysulfides and may be responsible for our field observations of polysulfides.

Subject Keywords

Sulfide oxidation, Kinetics, Hydrothermal vents, Diffuse flow, Lau Basin, In situ chemistry

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/31627

Journal

AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-011-9136-1

Collections

Graduate School of Marine Sciences, Article

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Citation Formats

A. Gartman et al., “Sulfide Oxidation across Diffuse Flow Zones of Hydrothermal Vents,” AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY, pp. 583–601, 2011, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/31627.