Türkiye’de Kentsel Dönüşüme Yöntemsel Bir Yaklaşım

Download
2007-6-01
Ataöv, Anlı
Osmay, Sevin
Urban regeneration implementations in Turkish metropolitan cities should be dealt within the interested contextual reality. Existing singular and unintegrated implementations remain inadequate in explaining the transformation phenomenon and in generating compatible solutions. In Turkey, urban transformation has emerged as a result of national economic policies and demographic movements. The response has been restricted to physical interventions to urban space. Squatter settlements appeared as the first examples of urban transformation in Turkish metropolitan cities. The transformation in these areas was produced by the squatter inhabitants in response to their needs. In the following years, the growing metropolitan cities encompassed the squatter settlements within their boundaries. The transformation of these areas was carried out by local municipalities and private developers. The second most important manifestation of urban regeneration contained the new transportation system constructed in the central and peripheral sections of metropolitan cities. This, in turn, also led to the transformation of the housing stock and the central business districts. In the recent years, in accordance with the urban regeneration strategies and with the relevant legal regulations, in large metropolitan Turkish cities like İstanbul and Ankara, the peripheral rural areas and dilapidated inner city districts have been subject to change through large-scale construction operations. This approach coincides with the physical planning approach of the 1950’s and 1960’s in Western developed countries, which was heavily critized for lacking the social significance of space. The recent implementations in Turkey also reflect this insensitivity. Urban regeneration implementations in Turkey at the present, on the other hand, should respond to the contextual dynamics and characteristics of the locality. To do this, the urban regeneration phenomenon should be scrutinized properly and the relevant intervention tools applied. This paper discusses the dynamics of urban regeneration phenomenon in Turkish metropolitan cities with reference to the socio-economic and administrative components, and planning policies. The main goal of the paper is to develop a contextual framework that can facilitate the understanding of and acting upon an urban regeneration phenomenon. This framework emphasizes three aspects: 1) the reformulation of the definition of urban regeneration; 2) a multifaceted historical assessment of urban regeneration; 3) guiding principles for an urban regeneration implementation. To do that, the paper, first, presents a historical analysis of urban regeneration from the 1950s to the present. Second, it develops a participatory and integrative approach to urban regeneration as a new perspective for future interventions. The principal idea behind this approach is the necessity for an intergated consideration of social and economic development, environmental protection and democratic organization together with urban regeneration. In urban regeneration, next to changing the physical environment, employment in different sectors should be created, public life and social life standards developed, spaces created that enhance collective activities.

Suggestions

A History of the Development of Conservation Measures in Turkey: From The Mid 19th Century Until 2004
Kurul, Esra; Şahin Güçhan, Neriman (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2009-01-01)
Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği’ne uyum sürecinde kapsamlı yasal ve yapısal dönüşümlere sahne olan Türkiye’de, özellikle 2004 yılındaki değişimlerin eşiğinde, Osmanlı’nın son döneminde gündeme gelen ve 2004 yılına kadarki süreçte evirilerek gelişen mimari ve kentsel koruma alanının yasal ve idari kurumlaşma çerçevesinin gelişimini tanımlamak ve mevcut duruma ilişkin bir ön değerlendirme yapmayı amaçlar.
Case study paper relating financialisation of the built environment to changing urban politics, social geographies, material flows and environmental improvement/degradation in Ankara
Topal Yılmaz, Aylin; Çelik, Özlem (2015-01-01)
This paper examines transformation of urban development in its repercussions in urban politics in Ankara since the 1920s with particular emphasis on the post-1980 period. It focuses on management mentality and finance mechanisms of housing policy in the city. This case study paper on Ankara shows that integration of urban land and housing with financial markets has been one of the central tendencies of neoliberal political economy particularly in the 2000s. The paper also notes that the case study epitomize...
An Institutional analysis of the transformation of informal housing settlements in Turkey : a case study in the Şentepe neighbourhood of Ankara
Özdemirli, Yelda; Türel, Ali; Department of City and Regional Planning (2012)
Transformation of informal housing settlements by urban renewal and redevelopment has become one of the major tasks of Turkish urban policy in the last decades. Nevertheless, in some cases urban redevelopment could not be facilitated due to low level of investments; and moreover most of the transformed settlements are still problematic with added difficulties brought out by urban transformation itself such as lower levels of physical quality, gentrification or dislocation. Understanding the sources of these...
The contribution of geographic information system to the urban planning process in Turkey
Kepoğlu, Volkan Osman; Keskinok, Hüseyin Çağatay; Urban Design in City and Regional Planning Department (2003)
This thesis attempts to show the contribution of Geographic Information System to urban planning process in Turkey. GIS can enhance the planning system by providing an access to accurate, reliable and update geographical information, producing alternatives according to the scenario and ensuring participation in the evaluation of the alternatives. This is the high level contribution of GIS for the enhancement of planning. The contribution can occur; if certain conditions are sustained such as establishment o...
Changing Perspectives on the Planning of Ankara 1924 2007 and Lessons for a New Master Planning Approach to Developing Cities
Çalışkan, Olgu (2009-11-01)
As one of the newly planned capitals in the 20th century - like Islamabad, Canberra and Brazil-, Ankara represents an original case in planning history: from shaping a new town under the influence of early European urbanism to the control of a dynamic metropolitan form by structural planning approaches. Forming its urban core according to the initial planning perspectives between the beginning of 1930s and the mid-1970s, the city has entered a rapid phase of space production in its extensions for about the ...
Citation Formats
A. Ataöv and S. Osmay, “Türkiye’de Kentsel Dönüşüme Yöntemsel Bir Yaklaşım,” ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 57–82, 2007, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://jfa.arch.metu.edu.tr/archive/0258-5316/2007/cilt24/sayi_2/57-82.pdf.