Defining additional stratigraphy in paleoseismic trenches by 2d logging of magnetic susceptibility :A paleoseismic investigation near lake Ladik, North Anatolian fault, Turkey

Date

2008-12-19

Author

Fraser, Jeff
Hubert-ferrari, Aurelia
Vanneste, Kris
Avşar, Ulaş
Altınok, Sevgi

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The North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is a dextral strike-slip plate-boundary fault zone extending ~1400 km in an arc across northern Turkey. We opened a paleoseismic trench ~2.7 km NW of Destek village on a segment which ruptured (for ~280 km) in the 1943 Ladik Earthquake (Mw:7.7). Sediments exposed in the trench yielded information on the timing of at least 6 paleoearthquake events during the last 3000 years in addition to evidence of the 1943 event. The trench was excavated across an uphill-facing fault scarp caused by an overturned thrust fault splay of the NAF near a localized restraining bend. The uphill-facing scarp trapped sediment derived from a small (~2 ha), non-channelized catchment with erosion in the steeper upper half and deposition in the lower half. Conventional descriptive trench logging of the, southern, up-thrown side of the fault identified weathered rock of various lithologies, grading upwards to residual soil exclusively on the west trench wall, and capped by topsoil on both walls. On the down-thrown, northern side of the fault, we logged a sequence of colluviums and poorly defined paleosols. Conventional trench logs alone do not negate the possibility that the stratigraphy observed north of the fault formed due to climate cycles or anthropogenic processes, rather than earthquakes. Magnetic susceptibility (MS) measurements provide a link between the sediment trap strata and fault rupture. Two-dimensional logging of magnetic susceptibility, using a MS2E Bartington point sensor, was undertaken on the west wall of the trench. The residual soil on the up-thrown side of the fault displayed low MS values overlying rock with relatively high MS values which we interpret as the result of leaching by supergene processes. Wedges of low MS values were identified on the down-thrown side of the fault in a soil of otherwise intermediate MS values representing colluviums sourced from the catchment. The low MS wedges are interpreted to be colluviums derived from the residual soil on the up-thrown block due to collapse of the fault scarp following fault rupture. The presence of the low MS wedges helps to define a sequence genesis model whereby paleosols are buried following earthquakes. Without the magnetic susceptibility data the link between the cyclic sedimentation pattern and earthquake cycles would be tenuous, relying solely on correlation with known earthquakes.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/87030

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1029/2008EO480011

Conference Name

American Geophysical Union(AGU) - Fall Meeting, 5–19 December 2008

Collections

Department of Geological Engineering, Conference / Seminar

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Development of paleoseismic trench logging and dating techniques: a case study on the Central North Anatolian Fault Fraser, Jeff; Pigati, Jeff; Hubert-ferrari, Aurelia; Vanneste, Kris; Boes, Xavier; Avşar, Ulaş; Altınok, Sevgi (2007-04-20) The North Anatolian Fault (NAF) is a dextral strike slip fault zone extending ∼1400km in an arc across northern Turkey. This study seeks to further constrain the timing of ground rupturing earthquakes of the NAF while developing the techniques used in paleoseismology. A paleoseismic trench was opened ∼2.7km NW of Destek on a segment which ruptured (for ∼280km) in the 1943 Tosya Earthquake (Mw:7.7). The trench site comprises a pop-up structure formed by a small releasing step-over at a restraining bend which...
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A 3000 yr paleoseismological history of the central East Anatolian Fault (Turkey) based on sedimentary record of Hazar Lake Lamaır, Laura; Hubert-ferrari, Aurelia; Hage, Sophie; Avşar, Ulaş; Schmidt, Sabine; Çağatay, Namık (null; 2017-10-12) The East Anatolian Fault (EAF) is a major left-lateral strike-slip fault accommodating with the conjugate North Anatolian Fault the westward extrusion of the Anatolian Plate away from the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone. During the 20th century, the EAF activity was mostly quiestcent with only two events of magnitude greater than 6 recorded (1905 Malatya and the 1971 Bingol earthquakes). Historical seismicity suggests that the EAF is capable of generating earthquakes of magnitude greater than 7. In order to r...

Citation Formats

J. Fraser, A. Hubert-ferrari, K. Vanneste, U. Avşar, and S. Altınok, “Defining additional stratigraphy in paleoseismic trenches by 2d logging of magnetic susceptibility :A paleoseismic investigation near lake Ladik, North Anatolian fault, Turkey,” presented at the American Geophysical Union(AGU) - Fall Meeting, 5–19 December 2008, San Francisco, CA -USA, 2008, Accessed: 00, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/87030.