First Genomic Insights into Pre-pottery Neolithic of Upper Mesopotamia

Date

2021-06-01

Author

Altınışık, Nefize Ezgi
Aydoğan, Ayça
Kazancı, Duygu Deniz
Vural, Kıvılcım Başak
Koptekin, Dilek
Özkan, Mustafa
Gemici, Hasan Can
Karamurat, Cansu
Erdal, Ömür Dilek
Götherström, Anders
Sürer, Elif
Atakuman, Çiğdem
Erim, Aslı
Özer, Füsun
Somel, Mehmet
Erdal, Yılmaz Selim

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Recent studies showed that Neolithic populations in southwest Asia included distinct gene pools in the Levant, in Central Anatolia, and in the Zagros. Further, genomic comparisons suggested that all three populations adopted sedentism and farming without major admixture or replacement from other regions. Meanwhile, the population genetic characteristics of the geographic midpoint of these regions, namely upper Mesopotamia, has not been investigated so far. Here in this study, we present the first genomic data of individuals excavated from the PPNB phase of Çayönü. Çayönü, near the upper stretches of river Tigris, is one of the early settlements discovered in southeast Anatolia at the upper-most edge of Fertile Crescent. Material culture data indicate that the Çayönü population interacted intensely with nearby regions - Anatolia, Levant, and Zagros. Despite poor DNA preservation due to harsh environmental conditions, after screening the remains of 33 individuals we managed to obtain genomic data enough for population genetics analyses from 14 individuals. We revealed that Çayönü individuals were genetically similar to early Holocene groups of C Anatolia, Levant, and Zagros, with higher affinity to the C Anatolia-Levant cline. We also modelled Çayönü as a three-way admixture utilizing qpAdm and found that pre-pottery Neolithic population of Çayönü harbored ancestry from all surrounding populations. Overall, in line with archaeological evidence, Çayönü appears to have been a melting pot of neighbouring Neolithic populations during the 9th and 8th millennia BC.

URI

https://isba9.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/Abstract_Book_ISBA9_2022.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/94732

Conference Name

9th International Symposium on Biomolecular Archaeology (ISBA9)

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Graduate School of Informatics, Conference / Seminar

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Citation Formats

N. E. Altınışık et al., “First Genomic Insights into Pre-pottery Neolithic of Upper Mesopotamia,” presented at the 9th International Symposium on Biomolecular Archaeology (ISBA9), Toulouse, Fransa, 2021, Accessed: 00, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://isba9.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/Abstract_Book_ISBA9_2022.pdf.