THE END OF THE FACT-VALUE DICHOTOMY: A NEO-ARISTOTELIAN APPROACH

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2022-8

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Mete, Bengisu

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The objective of this thesis is twofold. First, the work intends to show that the commonly discussed fact-value dichotomy, which begins with Hume‘s famous is-ought paragraph, cannot be solved by meta-ethical theories that defend the traditional interpretation by treating the issue as purely a matter of logical deducibility or that merely dwell on moral words and concepts without offering practical solutions. In this context, after examining the parts of Hume‘s moral philosophy that do and do not comply with the traditional interpretation, reflections on the problem of meta-ethical theories are discussed. This analysis is presented through prominent thinkers who advocate non-cognitivist and cognitivist views. Alfred Jules Ayer and Charles Stevenson are analyzed for non-cognitivism, while Moritz Schlick and George Edward Moore are examined with regard to naturalism and intuitionism. The views studied here necessitate the investigation of two more philosophers who approach cognitivism and non-cognitivism from different angles. In this way, Mackie and Hare are analyzed in the context of the fact-value problem. Two fundamental challenges arise, one of which is essentialism, and the other is the irrationality of moral judgments related to the fact-value problem. Thus, the necessity of a theory that will both eliminate essentialism and defend the rationality of moral statements emerges. The second aim of this study, based on the idea that dissolving the dichotomy can only be understood within the context of historicity and teleology of the relationship between ―what is‖ and ―what ought to be‖, is to discuss MacIntyre‘s neo-Aristotelian approach critically.

Subject Keywords

Cognitivism, Essentialism, Intuitionism, Naturalism, Non-cognitivism, The Fact-Value Dichotomy

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https://hdl.handle.net/11511/98620

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Graduate School of Social Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

B. Mete, “THE END OF THE FACT-VALUE DICHOTOMY: A NEO-ARISTOTELIAN APPROACH,” M.A. - Master of Arts, Middle East Technical University, 2022.