Copolymerization of carbon disulfide, carbon dioxide and other carbonic acid derivatives with cyclic ethers by using metal xanthate catalysts

Date

2006

Author

Öztürk, Elif

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The synthesis of high molecular weight copolymer of carbon disulphide (CS2) and propylene oxide (PO) has not reported in literature. In the present work, zinc isopropyl xanthate (Zn(Xt)2) was used as catalyst for the copolymerisation of PO and CS2 into high copolymer. However, the product can be fractionated into high and low molecular weight components. High molecular weight copolymer was rubbery products, but low molecular weight copolymers were oily products containing cyclic dithiocarbonates. Copolymers were characterized by elemental, end group analysis, DSC, TGA, GPC, Light Scattering, UV, IR, NMR spectroscopy, polarized microscopy and refractometry. Copolymerization process was zeroth order with respect to monomers, and its non-terminated but suffered from several types of transfer reactions. As a result of transfer reactions S-(C=S)-S, O-(C=S)-O, O-(C=O)-O groups in the backbone of copolymer and SH groups at the chain terminals and cyclic dithiocarbonates are formed. Apart from SH groups, OH and double bonds were found and their amounts were determined at the chain terminals. Copolymers with high mole fractions of PO units (F1) in the copolymer are crystallized in the shape of Malta’s Cross. Melting points of products were obtained from DSC. The F1 values are calculated from elemental analysis as well as zeroth order rate constants and from melting point of the crystals. All three results were in close agreement and changed between 0.9 0.7. However, these ratios depend on reaction conditions (temperature, catalyst and monomer concentrations, time and dielectric constant of reaction medium). A mechanism for coordination-copolymerization on the basis of above observation was proposed.

Subject Keywords

Polymers., Macromolecules., Polymerization.

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607227/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/16562

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis