First principles investigation of hydrogen storage in intermetallic systems

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2007

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Kınacı, Alper

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The design and production of efficient metal-hydrides for hydrogen storage is a long standing subject. Over the years, many different types of intermetallic hydride systems were studied and some of them came out to be operable. However, none of them meet all the storage criteria perfectly. In this study, total energies, hydrogen storage capacity and stability of AB (A = Al, Be, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sb, V and B = Ti) type intermetallics were investigated with the goal of spotting a potential hydrogen storage material. The relation between thermodynamic properties and the atomic and the electronic structure of hydrides are also pointed out. For this task, first principles pseudopotential method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to density functional theory (DFT) was used. Calculations correctly predict experimentally determined structures except for CuTiH. Moreover, the atomic and cell parameter were found within the allowable error interval for DFT. In CuTi intermetallic, a structure having considerably lower formation energy than experimentally found mono-hydride was determined. This contradiction may be due to metastability of the experimental phase and high activation energy for the hydrogen movement in the system. It was found that AlTi and SbTi are not suitable candidates for hydrogen storage since their hydrides are too unstable. For the other intermetallic systems, the stability of the hydrides decreases in the order of VTi, CuTi, NiTi, BeTi, FeTi. For VTi, FeTi and NiTi, a change in metallic coordination around hydrogen from octahedron to tetrahedron is predicted when tetra-hydride (MTiH4) is formed. Additionally, at this composition, FeTi and NiTi have hydride structures with positive but near-zero formation energy which may be produced with appropriate alteration in chemical makeup or storage parameters. VTi is a promising intermetallic by means of storage capacity in that even VTiH6 is found to have negative formation energy but the hydrides are too stable which can be a problem during hydrogen desorption.

Subject Keywords

Metals.

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http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608548/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/16939

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Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

A. Kınacı, “First principles investigation of hydrogen storage in intermetallic systems,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2007.