Date

2016

Author

Bender, Serdar

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The combination of CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and permanent CO₂ storage in mature oil reservoirs have the potential to provide a critical near-term solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In the literature, although there are many studies about CO₂ storage and EOR, only a few studies have focused on maximizing both the oil recovery and the CO₂ storage. Moreover, these studies are either experimental or conducted using synthetic reservoir models. Typically, pure CO₂ has the property of mixing with oil to swell it, make it lighter, detach it from the rock surfaces, and cause the oil to flow more freely within the reservoir to producer wells. The main aim of this research is to investigate the effects of immiscible CO₂ injection while maximizing CO₂ storage in a mature heavy oil carbonate reservoir located in south east Turkey. Three different nearby natural gas reservoirs with differing amounts of CO₂ (77.17%, 28.15% and 20.65%) and flue gas originating from a cement factory were considered as CO₂ sources. In order to realistically simulate several possible mechanisms such as CO₂ swelling and viscosity reduction a 3D compositional simulation model was built after a detailed fluid characterization study. Effect of injected gas composition, gas oil ratios and injection rates on CO₂ storage and oil recovery were investigated. Impact of these parameters on the project feasibility was studied using an economic model. The highest amount of CO₂ storage (1.63 billion sm3) and cumulative oil production (1.57 MMsm3) was achieved by pure CO₂ injection. As the amount of CO₂ present in the injected gas stream decreased, the oil recovery and the stored CO₂ decreased as well. It has been observed that optimized GOR values and injection rates contributed to better sweep efficiency, pressure management and higher net present values. 

Subject Keywords

Oil fields., Carbon dioxide., Enhanced oil recovery., Oil reservoir engineering., Oil fields

URI

http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12620656/index.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/26197

Collections

Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Thesis