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Transcriptomic insights into human brain evolution: acceleration, neutrality, heterochrony
Date
2014-12-01
Author
Somel, Mehmet
Rohlfs, Rori
Liu, Xiling
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This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
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Primate brain transcriptome comparisons within the last 12 years have yielded interesting but contradictory observations on how the transcriptome evolves, and its adaptive role in human cognitive evolution. Since the human-chimpanzee common ancestor, the human prefrontal cortex transcriptome seems to have evolved more than that of the chimpanzee. But at the same time, most expression differences among species, especially those observed in adults, appear as consequences of neutral evolution at cis-regulatory sites. Adaptive expression changes in the human brain may be rare events involving timing shifts, or heterochrony, in specific neurodevelopmental processes. Disentangling adaptive and neutral expression changes, and associating these with human-specific features of the brain require improved methods, comparisons across more species, and further work on comparative development.
Subject Keywords
Developmental Biology
,
Genetics
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/48757
Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2014.09.001
Collections
Department of Biology, Article