Termofilik mantar Scytalidium thermophilum'un çift aktiviteli katalaz/katekol oksidaz enziminin fenolik maddeler varlığında üretimi ve biyokatalitik özellikleri

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2009

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Ögel, Begüm Zümrüt
Karakaş, Gürkan
Şensoy, İlkay
Çoruh, Nursen

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Scytalidium thermophilum mantar kompostunda yaşayan ve yenebilir mantar Agaricus bisporus’un üretimini tetikleyen bir termofilik mantardır. S. thermophilum’un çok miktarda melanin üretmesinden hareketle, bu küfte fenol oksidaz enzimlerinin varlığının araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, S. thermophilum hücre-dışı fenol oksidazının bir çift aktiviteli katalaz-fenol oksidaz (KATFO/CATPO) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu proje kapsamında S. thermophilum 15 farklı fenolik madde varlığında ve farklı dozlarda büyütülmüş ve KATFO’nun üretimi incelenmiştir. Daha sonra, hem ortam sıvısı hem de saf enzim kullanılarak 15 maddenin oksidasyonu incelenmiştir. Saf enzimle okside olabilen ürünlerden 5 tanesinin oksidasyon ürünleri karakterize edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, KATFO sürekli (konstitütif) ve büyümeye paralel olarak üretilmektedir, ancak fenolikler büyümeyi ve enzim üretimini etkileyebilmektedirler. KATFO katekol, hidrokinon, katekin, kuersetin, klorojenik asit ve kafeik asiti okside edebilmiştir. Bunlardan katekol, hidrokinon, kafeik asit, klorojenik asit ve katekinin C-C ve C-O-C bağları ile polimerleştiği görülmüştür. Özellikle dimer, trimer ve tetramer yapıları belirlenmiş ancak, genel olarak, çoklu ürünlerin varlığı ve polimerleşmenin zamana karşı devam ettiği gözlenmiştir. Katekol, hidrokinon, mirisetin, kaempferol ve kumarik asit artan dozlarda büyümeyi olumsuz etkilemiş, kafeik asit, klorojenik asit, kuersetin, katekin, epikatekin, resorsinol, vanillik asit ve resveratrol varlığında ise büyüme olumsuz etkilenmemiş, hatta %50’ye varan artışlar görülmüştür. Büyümeyi olumlu etkileyen fenolikler varlığında KATFO üretimi ya belirgin bir değişim göstermemiş veya artan dozlarda az ya da çok baskılanmıştır. Toksik etkinin görüldüğü durumlarda genelde KATFO’da olumsuz etkilenmiş, ancak antifungal etki gösteren hidrokinon ve mirisetinde KATFO doza bağlı tetiklenmiştir. Büyümeyi olumlu etkileyen fenoliklerin antioksidan etki gösterdiği düşünülmektedir. Bunların çoğu ve özelinde yapısında orto-difenol bulunduran fenolik asitler ve flavonoidler KATFO tarafından okside olabilmiştir. Diğer yandan, antifungal/toksik etki gösteren maddelerin büyük bir kısmı, mirisetin, kaempferol ve kumarik asit, KATFO tarafından okside olmamıştır. Buna göre, KATFO’nun fenolik maddelerin oksidasyonu ile onların toksik etkilerini azalttığı ve/veya antioksidan etkilerini artırdığı yönünde bir olasılık ortaya çıkmıştır.

Subject Keywords

Termofilik mantar, Scytalidium thermophilum, Katalaz, Fenol oksidaz, Antioksidan, Fenolik madde

URI

https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/publication/project/detail/TVRFek56UTA
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/49619

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Department of Food Engineering, Project and Design

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Citation Formats

B. Z. Ögel, G. Karakaş, İ. Şensoy, and N. Çoruh, “Termofilik mantar Scytalidium thermophilum’un çift aktiviteli katalaz/katekol oksidaz enziminin fenolik maddeler varlığında üretimi ve biyokatalitik özellikleri,” 2009. Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/publication/project/detail/TVRFek56UTA.