Impact of oil field activities on water resources

Date

2002-09-25

Author

Okandan, E
Ozcan, B

Metadata

Show full item record

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Item Usage Stats

125
views

0
downloads

The activities in the petroleum industry extend from the exploration stage to production, transportation, refining, storage and consumption. Among these activities exploration stage is of shortest duration; however the chemicals used and cuttings brought to the surface during drilling must be taken care of appropriately. Production from oil fields may last more than 50 years and produced waters together with oil, if processing or injection back into underground formations is not done properly, may become a nuisance to the environment. Surface or underground water resources are at risk if caution is not practiced. Oil spills on surface waters such as rivers, lakes, and sea under go several processes of change and complex series of physical, chemical and biological processes are active. These processes alter the oil and partition it between atmosphere, water surface, water column, sediment and shore. Spills vary depending on oil type and weather conditions. It is accepted that evaporation, spreading, dispersion, emulsification and mousse (water in oil emulsion) formation and biological degradation are the main mechanisms that control the fate of an oil spill. Underground water formations also are affected from oil activities if proper handling of produced waters is not practiced. In this paper, a field case study from a Turkish oil field operated by N.V. Turkse Shell Company is presented. Oil field production waters were injected into an underground water reservoir for more than 25 years. The effect of this activity was studied at the Petroleum Research Center, Middle East Technical University which started in 1997. During the study, 8 observation wells were drilled in the region, 6 of which were in the project area. Core and water samples and log data were obtained from the observation wells drilled. Underground water budget data and recharge points were obtained from already existing reports and these were used in modelling of the water movement in the aquifer. Contaminant transport was studied by following the NaCl concentrations which were available from the analysis of samples collected from the observation wells. The oil concentration in collected water samples' also was determined which was accompanied by fingerprint analysis for the crude oil. The results indicate that contaminant front had moved 18.7 kilometers towards the city where aquifer is used as the source of drinking water. It is predicted that in 40 years time the 25 ppm NaCl (allowable limit for drinking water) contaminant front will reach the city which is 33 km south east of the oil field.

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/64806

Collections

Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Conference / Seminar

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

Impact of carbon border adjustment mechanism on iron-steel and cement sectors in Turkey: a social accounting matrix multiplier analysis Kılınç, Ayşegül; Voyvoda, Ebru; Kat, Bora; Department of Earth System Science (2022-5) The iron-steel and cement sectors are essential elements of the global economy and also significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters. The most important GHG emission sources of the industrial processes and product use (IPPU) sector in Turkey are CO2 emissions from these two sectors, nearly three quarters of total emissions by IPPU. Emissions by IPPU have become critical especially after the European Green Deal (EGD) and the concomitant carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). Although the impact of carbon p...
Effects of CO₂ saturation on the recovery of the heavy oil using steam injection EOR technique Farid, Guluzade; Sınayuç, Çağlar; Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering (2014) Enhanced Oil Recovery processes include all methods that use external sources of energy and/or materials to recover oil that cannot be produced economically by conventional means. EOR processes can be classified as: thermal methods (in-situ combustion, cyclic steam injection, steam flooding), chemical methods (alkaline, polymer, foam, or surfactant/polymer injection), and miscible methods (CO2, nitrogen, hydrocarbon, or flue gas injection). Steam flooding involves continuous injection of steam to displace o...
Effect of relative humidity of reactant gases on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance Özsan, Burcu; Eroğlu, İnci; Department of Chemical Engineering (2012) Fuel cells are expected to play a major role in the economy of this century and for the foreseeable future. The use of hydrogen and fuel cells can address critical challenges in all energy sectors like commercial, residential, industrial, and transportation. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert energy of a chemical reaction directly into electrical energy by combining hydrogen fuel with oxygen from air. If hydrogen is used as fuel, only byproducts are heat and water. The objective of this the...
Investigation of the particle breakage parameters in locked-cycle ball milling Acar, Cemil; Hoşten, Çetin; Department of Mining Engineering (2012) Size reduction processes, particularly fine grinding systems, in mineral processing and cement production plants constitute a great portion of energy consumption and operating costs. Therefore, the grinding systems should be designed properly and operated under optimum conditions to achieve productive and cost effective operations. The use of simulation based on kinetic mathematical models of grinding has proven useful in this respect. The kinetic models contain two essential parameters, namely, breakage ra...
Impact of hydrologic uncertainties in reservoir routing Kentel Erdoğan, Elçin; Yanmaz, Ali Melih (null; 2008-05-27) Reservoir routing methods are used in the design and operation of storage facilities at high flow conditions. Traditionally, deterministic approaches have been used for reservoir flood routing computations, which do not account for possible variations in governing parameters. However, hydrologic variables, such as inflow, stage, and outflow may naturally have various sources of uncertainties. Since important dimensions, such as dam height and spillway size, are normally dictated by reservoir routing perform...

Citation Formats

E. Okandan and B. Ozcan, “Impact of oil field activities on water resources,” 2002, vol. 34, p. 175, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/64806.