INVESTIGATING THE ASYMMETRIC NATURE OF THE CONTIGUITY EFFECT VIA PROBED RECALL TASK

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2022-7-26

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ARPACI, Hazal

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In free recall, there is a tendency to generate a word that either follows or precedes the just recalled word in the study list, which is known as the contiguity effect. This effect has been explained by two main accounts: causal models and non-causal models. Causal models claim that the contiguity effect occurs due to the utilization of the just recalled item as a cue to recall the next item, whereas according to non-causal models, items are not used as cues, but instead the similarity between the mental state during the study and test phases results in the contiguity effect. Probed recall task is designed to test these two models to explain the mechanisms underlying the effect. However, the forward asymmetry that is usually observed in the contiguity effect was not observed in the probed recall task. It was suggested that the overall low performance could be the reason behind the symmetrical contiguity effect. Therefore, in this study, the probed recall task has been attempted to be optimized and facilitated. To that aim, 2 Experiments (and 2 Pilot Experiments) have been conducted. The results of the experiments have shown that the contiguity effect has been observed in both within-list and between-list conditions. Moreover, forward asymmetry has been observed in the between-list (long-term) contiguity effect, but not in the within-list contiguity effect. With the findings of contiguity effects and asymmetry in long-term contiguity effect, this study supports the claims of causal models.

Subject Keywords

Contiguity Effect, Probed Recall, Forward Asymmetry, Context

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https://hdl.handle.net/11511/98174

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Graduate School of Social Sciences, Thesis

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Citation Formats

H. ARPACI, “INVESTIGATING THE ASYMMETRIC NATURE OF THE CONTIGUITY EFFECT VIA PROBED RECALL TASK,” M.S. - Master of Science, Middle East Technical University, 2022.