The ancient DNA and archaeobotanical analysis suggest cultivation of Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta at Yumuktepe and Yenikapi Pottery Neolithic sites in Turkey

Date

2022-08-01

Author

Degirmenci, Funda O.
ULAŞ, BURHAN
Kansu, Cigdem
Ulug, Asiye
Caneva, Isabella
Asal, Rahmi
Kaya, Zeki

Metadata

Show full item record

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Item Usage Stats

148
views

0
downloads

Archaeobotanical materials subject to aDNA analysis were recovered from Yumuktepe and Yenikapi, two important archaeological sites in Anatolia and date back to the Pottery Neolithic Period i.e., 7th millennium BC. Many charred ancient seeds representing various cereal species including a great number of wheat grains were documented in mentioned sites. Among the cereal seeds, charred wheat samples were tentatively identified as Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L. or Triticum new glume wheat (NGW) or atypical emmer or naked wheat in Yumuktepe and Yenikapi showed similarities with the morphological characteristics of T. aestivum subsp. spelta wheat, but it was difficult to reach a firm conclusion. This study aimed to provide genetic data to enable more precise identification of charred wheat seeds using an ancient DNA (aDNA) approach. aDNAs were successfully extracted from the representative charred seeds of T aestivum subsp. spelta or NGW or atypical emmer or naked wheat. The PCR amplification of 26SrDNA and IGS gene regions with aDNA was carried out and sequenced. The expected product sizes of IGS 158 bp for the D genome and 87 bp for the A or B genomes and DNA sequence comparisons with other wheat species revealed that T. aestivum subsp. spelta or NGW or atypical emmer or naked wheat samples included the D genome from Aegilops tauschii and is more likely to be T. aestivum subsp. spelta. The discovery of T. aestivum subsp. spelta grains in the Yenikapi and Yumuktepe suggest that the cultivation of hexaploid wheat was widespread. Further, spelta hulled wheat, which is the progenitor of the hexaploid wheat, might have been cultivated in these settlements.

Subject Keywords

Yumuktepe, Yenikapi, aDNA, T. aestivum subsp. spelta, Aegilops tauschii, IGS region, WHEAT GRAINS, GLUME WHEAT, NEAR-EAST, CEREAL DOMESTICATION, NAKED WHEAT, PLANT DNA, WILD, AGRICULTURE, ORIGINS, AGE

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/11511/98848

Journal

GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-022-01453-z

Collections

Department of Biology, Article

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

An archaeometrical investigation on provenance and technological properties of Seljuk period pottery from Komana (Tokat) Er, Mehmet Bilgi; Ertaş, Gülay; Department of Archaeometry (2020) The archaeological excavation at Komana (Tokat) unearthed great number of pottery reflecting wide variety in decorations and archaeological evidences including biscuit-fired pottery and tripod stilts showing local production of glazed pottery dated back to Seljuk period (12 – early 14th centuries). In this study, analytical techniques were used to identify the local compositional groups and import wares in the pottery collection, the production technology of local pottery, and to locate the clay used for th...
The Social and symbolic role of early pottery in the Near East Yıldırım, Burcu.; Atakuman, Çiğdem; Department of Settlement Archaeology (2019) The aim of this thesis is to investigate the social and symbolic role of the earliest pottery in the Near East which flourished during the Neolithic Period. This dissertation provides a comparative analysis of the earliest ceramics and the relationship of pottery form and technology to the plaster and figurine technologies. As early as the 9th millennium BC, the skilled use of ceramic technology and control of fire was evident in the production of lime plaster, as well as anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figu...
Ancient Dna Analysis For Correct Identification Of Charred Crop Seeds From Archaeological Excavations At Bronze Age Kaymakçı ÖZDEMİR DEĞİRMENCİ, FUNDA; ULUĞ, ASİYE; KANSU, ÇİĞDEM; Luke, Christina; Roosevelt, Chris; Kaya, Zeki (2022-10-21) Archaeobotanical materials subject to aDNA analysis were recovered from the site of Kaymakçı, one of several settlements in the middle Gediz Valley dating to the Middle and Late Bronze Age, c. 3500–4000 years ago. Excavations at Kaymakçı have yielded many charred ancient seeds representing various crop species, including Triticum aestivum/durum L., Hordeum vulgare L., Vicia ervillia (L) Willd., Cicer arietinum L., and Vitis vinifera L., demonstrating crop cultivation practices for both human and animal cons...
The Hittite Stone and Sculpture Quarry at Karakiz Kasabasi and Hapis Bokazi in the District of Sorgun, Yozgat, Central Anatolia Summers, Geoffrey; Ozen, Erol (2012-07-01) An extensive stone quarry dating to the Hittite Empire period in the Late Bronze Age is located at Karakiz Kasabasi in the province ofYozgat, north-central Anatolia. In addition to numerous traces of stone quarrying, several exceptional unfinished pieces were found at the site, including two bases each sculpted from a single block and comprising a pedestal supported by a pair of lions a large drum, and a large basin. These unique pieces are described and illustrated, followed by a discussion of their probab...
Improved methodology for identification of Goktepe white marble and the understanding of its use: A comparison with Carrara marble Wielgosz-Rondolino, Dagmara; Antonelli, Fabrizio; Bojanowski, Maciej J.; Gladki, Marcin; Göncüoğlu, Mehmet Cemal; Lazzarini, Lorenzo (2020-01-01) The provenance of marbles used for ancient statuary and architecture is of utmost importance for archaeologists, art historians and archaeometrists. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive characterisation of the white marble exploited in antiquity in Goktepe (Mugla Province, Turkey) to increase the reliability for identifying this marble in ancient artefacts. A campaign of interdisciplinary archaeological and geological fieldwork undertaken by the Marmora Asiatica project is based on a multi-me...

Citation Formats

F. O. Degirmenci et al., “The ancient DNA and archaeobotanical analysis suggest cultivation of Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta at Yumuktepe and Yenikapi Pottery Neolithic sites in Turkey,” GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION, pp. 0–0, 2022, Accessed: 00, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/98848.