Hydrothermal vents as a kinetically stable source of iron-sulphide-bearing nanoparticles to the ocean

2011-06-01
Yücel, Mustafa
Chan, Clara S.
Luther, George W.
Hydrothermal vents emit sulphur and metals to the ocean(1). Particular attention has been paid to hydrothermal fluxes of iron(2-4), a limiting micronutrient of marine primary production(5). Vent-derived iron was previously thought to rapidly oxidize and precipitate around vents(6). However, organic matter can bind to and stabilize dissolved and particulate iron in hydrothermal plumes(7-9), facilitating its dispersion into the open ocean(10). Here, we report measurements of the chemical speciation of sulphide and iron in high-temperature fluids emanating from vents in the East Pacific Rise and the Eastern Lau Spreading Center. We show that pyrite nanoparticles-composed of iron and sulphur-account for up to 10% of the filterable iron (less than 200nm in size) in these fluids. We suggest that these particles form before the discharge of the vent fluid. We estimate that pyrite nanoparticles sink more slowly than larger plume particles, and are more resistant to oxidation than dissolved Fe(II) and FeS. We suggest that the discharge of iron in the form of pyrite nanoparticles increases the probability that vent-derived iron will be transported over long distances in the deep ocean.
NATURE GEOSCIENCE

Suggestions

Temporal trends in vent fluid iron and sulfide chemistry following the 2005/2006 eruption at East Pacific Rise, 9 degrees 50 ' N
Yücel, Mustafa (2013-04-01)
The chemistry of vent fluids that emanate to the seafloor undergoes dramatic changes after volcanic eruptions. Data on these changes are still limited, but the best studied example is the East Pacific Rise (EPR) at 9 degrees 50N, where the temporal evolution of the vent fluid chemistry after the 1991/1992 eruption was documented. The area underwent another eruption sequence during late 2005/early 2006, and here we show that a similar evolution is recurring in the iron and sulfide contents of the high-temper...
Thermal stimulation of aqueous volumes contained in carbon nanotubes: Experiment and modeling
Yarin, AL; Güvenç Yazıcıoğlu, Almıla; Megaridis, CM (2005-01-01)
The dynamic response, as caused by thermal stimulation, of aqueous liquid attoliter volumes contained inside multiwall carbon nanotubes is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The experiments indicate an energetically driven mechanism responsible for the dynamic multiphase fluid behavior visualized under high resolution in the transmission electron microscope. The theoretical model is formulated using a continuum approach, which combines temperature-dependent diffusion with intermolecular interact...
Electrochemical and chemical oxidation of K(C2H5OCS2),[Ni(C2H5OCS2)(2)] and [N(C2H5)(4)][Ni(C2H5OCS2)(3)]
Dag, O; Önal, Ahmet Muhtar; Isci, H (1996-06-26)
Electrochemical and chemical oxidation of (Et-Xan(-)), [Ni(Et-Xan)(2)] and [Ni(Et-Xan)(3)](-) (Et-Xan(-) = C2H5OCS2- have been studied by Cyclic Voltammetry and in situ UV-Vis spectroscopy in acetonitrile at room temperature. Cyclic Voltammograms (CV) of Et-Xan(-) and Ni(Et-Xan)(2) display one (0.00 V) and two (0.35 and 0.80 V) irreversible oxidation peaks, respectively, referenced to Ag/Ag+(0.10 M) electrode. However, CV of Ni(Et-Xan)(3)(-) displays one reversible (-0.15 V) and two irreversible (0.35, 0.80...
Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO₂ nanostructures for photocatalitic and photovoltaic applications
Erdoğan, Nursev; Öztürk, Abdullah; Park, Jongee; Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (2017)
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures with different crystal structures and various morphologies were synthesized by hydrothermal process to utilize them in photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications. The investigations were conducted in three different sets of systematic experimental studies. The first set of experiments was based on the synthesis of TiO2 nanostructures in the presence of strong sodium hydroxide (NaOH) catalyzer. Temperature and molarity of NaOH were kept constant while hydrothermal rea...
Optoelectronic properties of Tl3InSe4 single crystals
QASRAWI, ATEF FAYEZ HASAN; Hasanlı, Nızamı (Informa UK Limited, 2010-01-01)
The crystal structure, temperature-dependent electrical conductivity, Hall coefficient, current-voltage characteristics, absorption spectra and temperature- and illumination-dependent photoconductivity of Tl3InSe4 single crystals were investigated. Tl3InSe4 crystallises in a body-centred lattice with tetragonal symmetry and belongs to the space group [image omitted]. The crystals are extrinsic p-type semiconductors and exhibit a conductivity conversion from p- to n-type at a critical temperature, Tc, of 283...
Citation Formats
M. Yücel, C. S. Chan, and G. W. Luther, “Hydrothermal vents as a kinetically stable source of iron-sulphide-bearing nanoparticles to the ocean,” NATURE GEOSCIENCE, pp. 367–371, 2011, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://hdl.handle.net/11511/30838.