Osmanlı Yüzer Köprüleri

Download

5-17.pdf

Date

1990

Author

Tanyeli, Gülsün
Tanyeli, Uğur

Metadata

Show full item record

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Item Usage Stats

456
views

861
downloads

From the second half of the 15th century, Ottomans built pontoon bridges on the two extremes of the Empire, Mesopotamia and the Balkans, both for military and civil purposes. As a technological and organizational problem, these bridges constitute illuminative examples of a building type which was actually neglected not only by the students of this architectural tradition but also by the historians in general. The first reliable information on Ottoman pontoon bridges belongs to the age of Mehmed I (1452-1481), the Conqueror, and earliest official documents concerning military bridge-building activities deal with the campaign of Szigetvar (1566). Those hüküms, along with some contemporaneous historical studies, throw light on the bureaucratic practices, and logistics of Ottoman military engineering. The grandiose task of constructing pontoon bridges in an accelerated pace necessitated the joint efforts of local authorities, army engineers, and the central administration in Istanbul. In a pre-modern economy that constantly starved for labour force and building materials, such an organization could only be achieved by a large-scale 'mobilization' of the resources of an area extending from the Black Sea shores of present Rumania to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Historical sources reveal that some pontoon bridges were technically important structures. One of them, the bridge on the river Drava near Osijek was described in detail by Sai in the late 16th century, and by Evliya Çelebi nearly one hundred years after it was completed by the engineering corps of Süleyman the Magnificent's army. Though pontoon bridges were seldom praised as architectural masterpieces, for a complete understanding of 'non-monumental' Ottoman architecture, they have to be studied analytically, from the etymological problem posed by their primary component, tombaz (a pontoon), to the technological aspects of their construction processes. Ottoman archival material, which forms the basis of this study, offers an opportunity to be used for this purpose.

Subject Keywords

Osmanlı mimarlığı, Teknoloji tarihi, Köprüler

URI

http://jfa.arch.metu.edu.tr/archive/0258-5316/1990/cilt10/sayi_1_2/5-17.pdf
https://hdl.handle.net/11511/51115

Journal

ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

Collections

Department of Architecture, Article

Suggestions

OpenMETU
Core

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Son Dönemlerinde Antalya Kaleiçi Ve Çevresi Dayar, Evren (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2020-12-30) Tanzimat Dönemi’nin arifesinde Antalya, surlarla kuşatılmış geleneksel bir Osmanlı kentiydi. Kentin ana yerleşim alanı, iki iç surla birbirinden ayrılan ve üç ayrı bölümden oluşan Kaleiçi idi. Tek bir dış kapı vasıtasıyla karaya açılan Kaleiçi, dış ve iç kapılardan merkeze uzanan büyük caddeler, merkezden ya da büyük caddelerden mahallelere açılan daha küçük caddeler tarafından bölünmüştü. Kaleiçi sokakları gayr-i muntazam ve kaldırımsız, evleri ise çoğunlukla ahşaptı. Surların haricinde kentin çarşısı, var...
Diyarbakır Surları Ve Kent Tarihi Parla, Canan (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2005-1-3) Tarihi dokusunu en iyi koruyan kentlerden biri olan Diyarbakır’ın, sur ve yapılarını inceleyen çalışmalar giderek çoğalmış olmakla birlikte, kitabe metinlerinin pek dikkate alınmadığı gözlemlenmektedir. Oysa kentin, bugünkü bilgiler ve kitabe verileri ışığında yeniden incelenmesi ve tarihi süreç içerisinde nasıl biçimlendiğinin ortaya konması gerekmektedir. Kuşkusuz böyle bir çalışma, kente egemen olanların, Diyarbakır’a nasıl biçim verdiklerini açıkça gözler önüne serecektir. Bu makalede, başlangıçtan 16. ...
Konya Alaeddin Camisi Yapım Evreleri Üzerine Düşünceler Asutay Effenberger, Neslihan (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2006) The Alaeddin Mosque, which is located on a hill in the middle of modern Konya, is one of the most problematical monuments of the Seljuk Anatolia. It has suffered from several restorations and almost lost of its original substance. Its irregular prayer hall shows the following parts (from east to west): a hypostyle hall, a central unit with a mihrap cupola and a western wing. An U-shaped courtyard, where two kümbets are situated, is positioned in the north side of the prayer hall. In addition, some wall frag...
Anadolu’da Selçuklu Kentler Sistemi ve Mekânsal Kademelenme Özcan, Koray (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2006) Bu araştırmanın konusu, Anadolu’nun ilk Türk-İslâm kolonizasyon dönemi olarak adlandırılan Anadolu Selçuklu siyasal ve yönetsel egemenlik döneminde fethedilmiş, devralınmış ya da yeni kurulmuş kentler dizgisinin oluşturduğu işlevsel ve mekânsal kademelenme kapsamında örgütlendiği öngörülen kentler sisteminin varlığının araştırılmasıdır. Burada temel sorun; sözkonusu kentler sistemi kurgusunu biçimlendiren ya da yönlendiren dinamiklerin neler olabileceği, başka bir ifadeyle, sistemin temel bileşenleri ve sis...
Kappadokia Bölgesi Osmanli Dönemi Kiliseleri: Örnekler, Sorunlar, Öneriler Pekak, M. Sacit (Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Architecture, 2009-12-15) There were numerous churches and monasteries built during the Ottoman Period, in the region called Cappadocia, which holds the cities of Nevsehir, Nigde, Aksaray and Kayseri in Central Anatolia. Most of these monuments had been built in the 18th and the 19th centuries, depending on the constitutional changes that took place in the administration of the Empire. Most of these religious monuments, which were completely abandoned following the 1923 Lausanne Treaty and the Agreement for Population Exchange, have...

Citation Formats

G. Tanyeli and U. Tanyeli, “Osmanlı Yüzer Köprüleri,” ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1-2, pp. 5–17, 1990, Accessed: 00, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://jfa.arch.metu.edu.tr/archive/0258-5316/1990/cilt10/sayi_1_2/5-17.pdf.